Stochastic Optimization in Computing Multiple Headways for a Single Bus Line

隨機最佳化應用在單條路線公車多班距之計算上

陳慧芬(Hui-Fen Chen)

《工業工程學刊》 24卷5期 (2007/09) Pp. 351-359

https://doi.org/10.29977/JCIIE.200709.0002

摘要

我們探討市區公車單條路線多班距之設定問題，目的在使得期望日利潤最高。公車行車系統隨機模式的假設包含(1)乘客的到達過程服從普耳松過程，且有不耐等候而離線現象；(2)旅客到站下車人數服從二項分配；(3)公車站間旅行時間服從韋伯分配。目標函數是期望日利潤，定義為票價收入減營運及乘客等候成本，然而，目標函數是不連續的且斷點發生在發車頻率改變處。針對這個隨機最佳化問題，我們提出回溯最佳化法，適用於同質性與非同質性普耳松過程。最後我們討論模擬實驗結果。

關鍵字

彈性容忍法 ； 多班距 ； 隨機最佳化 ； 回溯近似法 ； 回溯最佳化

並列摘要

We consider the problem of computing multiple headways for a single bus line to maximize the expected daily profit. The stochastic bus-line model assumes that (1) the passenger arrivals follow a Poisson process with possible reneging; (2) the number of alighting passengers at each stop follows a binomial distribution; and (3) the bus travel time follows a Weibull distribution. The objective function, the expected daily profit defined as the ticket revenue minus the operating and customer waiting costs, is discontinuous at changes in the bus frequency. For this stochastic optimization problem, we propose a retrospective optimization algorithm that can handle both homogeneous and nonhomogeneous Poisson arrivals. Simulation results are discussed.

並列關鍵字

flexible tolerance method ； multiple headways ； stochastic optimization ； retrospective approximation ； retrospective optimization

參考文獻

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