Quantity and Quality of Summer Surface Net Zooplankton in the Kuroshio Current-Induced Upwelling Northeast of Taiwan

臺灣東北湧升流海域夏季表層網採浮游動物之數量與品質

陳宏遠(Houng-Yung Chen) ； 李玉鈴(Yuh-Ling Lee Chen)

《Terrestrial, Atmospheric and Oceanic Sciences》 3卷3期 (1992/09) Pp. 321-334

摘要

本研究探討台灣東北海域由黑潮入侵大陸棚所引發的湧升流及其附近區域浮游動物之大類分佈與其生化組成。探樣爲海研一號1989年9月254航次，共計二十一測站，使用330微米網目之錐形網採取表層浮游生物。樣品除經種類分析外，並進行蛋白質、脂肪、灰分與脂質成份分析，其中脂質成份分析細分爲磷脂質，遊離脂肪酸，石蠟及固醇之酯化物，固醇類和三甘油脂。研究結果發現以橈腳類爲主的浮游動物質量明顯符合湧升流之現象。湧升流水域測站具有低水溫，高硝酸鹽、高葉綠素量及高浮游動物量之特性。湧升流水域浮游動物之蛋白質與脂肪含量較非湧升流水域者高，灰分含量則較低。就脂質成份而言，湧升流浮游動物之遊離脂肪酸含量較高，但磷脂質含量則較低。凡此均顯示湧升流水域浮游動物不僅在數量上增加，在品質（就營養學而言）上亦較爲優良，而優良的浮游動物品質必會對該海域漁業海洋學特性，如魚類的成長與生殖，有相當的影響。以浮游動物種類組成及生化組成各別進行主成份分析，結果均顯示研究海域具有三不同特性之水團，並可能分別受黑潮、南中國海陸棚及湧升流的影響，因此，浮游動物生化組成的研究對於瞭解湧升流海域之海洋現象有正面的意義。

並列摘要

This study compares the taxa distribution and biochemical composition of zooplankton from stations in coastal upwelling caused by the intrusion of the Kuroshio Current into the East China Sea shelf. Surface zooplankton samples were taken during summer cruise of 1989 from 21 stations using a conical net with a mesh size of 330μm. In addition to zooplankton taxonomical analysis, biochemical compositions of mixed zooplankton hauls including protein, lipid, ash and lipid classes such as phospholipids, free fatty acids, wax or sterol esters, sterols and triacylglycerides were studied. The results indicate that the copepod-dominant zooplankton biomass responded to the upwelling environment. Stations around the upwelling site showed markedly reduced water temperature, increased NO3-N, chlorophyll a and zooplankton concentrations. Zooplankton samples from the upwelled water contained higher proportions of protein and lipid and lower ash content than those from non-upwelling aregs. Higher free fatty acid level and lower phospholipids level were also observed in samples from upwellde water. These results suggest an enhancement in upwelling region of zooplankton production in both quantity and quality. Principal component analysis of zooplankton taxa and biochemical composition both indicated the existence of three distinct water masses, that can be related to the Kuroshio Current, the East China Sea continental shelf, and the upwelling. The existence of detritus in the zooplankton samples, which affected the measurement of zooplankton quality and its ecological implications, are discussed.