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金屬及介電質奈米粒子對太陽能電池光響應之比較

Effects of Metal and Dielectric Nano-Particles on the Responsivity of Solar Cells

摘要


於本文中,我們探討了介電質奈米小球和金屬奈米小球,對於光偵測器與太陽能電池之光響應的影響差異。首先,透過塗佈二氧化矽奈米小球於光偵測器元件表面,在波長範圍自400nm到650nm之間,光響應平均可達到17.6%的增益。另外,塗佈有二氧化矽奈米小球之元件的光接收角,相較於未塗佈小球之元件而言,光接收角於波長為500nm、550nm和600nm的情形下,分別從27°增加到46°,從23°增加到50°,和從26°增加到了47°。最後,我們將二氧化矽奈米小球塗佈於多晶矽太陽能電池上。此處,光響應與光電轉換效率於可見光範圍內皆可達到6.2%和10.2%的增益。其次,透過鍍上不同厚度之金屬薄膜於多晶矽太陽能表面,再經由高溫熱退火的方式,我們得以在太陽能電池表面上製作出不同顆粒大小的金屬粒子。此處我們共製備了金、銀、鋁三種金屬粒子。我們發現金和銀所形成的奈米顆粒皆能使光響應在可見光區域有增加的作用,而其中又以銀奈米顆粒效果尤佳。隨著平均顆粒尺寸從19.6nm縮小至4.6nm,光響應增益波長範圍從590nm-750nm拓寬至530nm-750nm。此處,對於金屬奈米小球而言,因為金屬奈米粒子並沒有光捕捉的效果卻反將入射光反射,因而造成光響應隨之減少。對於增加太陽能電池的光電轉換效率而言,二氧化矽奈米粒子可有效將光電轉換效率增加10.2%,而對於金屬奈米顆粒來說,雖在部分波長有光響應的增加,但由於在可見光部分整體的光響應並沒有增加,因此在效率上並沒有改善的情況。

並列摘要


In this work, we investigated the effects of dielectric nanoparticle and metal nanoparticle coating on the responsivity of photodetectors and solar cells. With silica nanoparticles on the surface of the photodetector, a responsivity improvement of 17.6% is achieved in the wavelength range 400nm~650nm. Furthermore, the acceptance angle increases from 27° to 46°, 23° to 50°, and 26° to 47° at the wavelength 500nm, 550nm, and 600nm respectively, as compared to the device without particle coating. Finally, we coated silica nanoparticles on the multi-crystalline solar cell and an increase of 10.2% conversion efficiency is achieved.Secondly, by depositing different thicknesses of metal thin film on the surface of multi-crystalline solar cell and applying various annealing conditions, metal nanoparticles were formed on the solar cells. Here Au, Ag, and Al were employed. Both Au and Ag nanoparticles enhance the responsiveity of the solar cell in visible wavelength range and Ag coating has the best performance. However, for metal nanoparticles, the responsivity for solar cells with metal particle coating decreases. The article will address the effect of metal and dielectric nanoparticles on the solar cells.

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