硫系化物奈米材料應用於光催化水裂解產氫

Chalcogenide nanomaterials for photocatalytic hydrogen evolution from water splitting

吳俊哲(Jerry J. Wu) ； 李泔涓(Gang-Juan Lee)

《真空科技》 31卷1期 (2018/03) Pp. 36-41

摘要

氫能由於具有綠色（乾淨和可再生能源）、可儲存和高能量密度的特性，因此，氫能被認為是化石燃料時代之外最具有前景的能源之一。而氫能來源又以太陽能轉換產生氫氣的方式最具吸引力和可持續發展，乃因此方法具有高能量轉換效率和零碳排放的優點。在太陽能轉換生成氫氣的方法中，則以半導體奈米材料的光催化裂解水產氫技術被認為是實現太陽能轉換生成氫能最重要的手段之一。因奈米結構材料具有獨特的特性和優異的光催化性能，進而能夠被廣泛研究於光催化裂解水產氫應用，且硫系化物奈米材料則因具有發光和光催化特性而被廣泛應用。然硫系化物在無犧牲試劑的條件下，經光的照射後會有光腐蝕的情況發生，因此，為增強其光催化活性，適當的能帶改善工程是必要的。因適當的改質可提升硫系化物對太陽光的捕獲率、光生電子/電洞的分離率，並同時增強硫系化物的穩定性，進而可改善光催化活性。而奈米材料經由太陽能產氫的水裂解系統，包括有光催化、光電化學和光伏電解系統。

關鍵字

氫能 ； 硫系化物 ； 水裂解 ； 光催化反應 ； 光電化學反應

並列摘要

Hydrogen is one of the promising energy sources beyond fossil fuel era due to its green (a clean and renewable energy source), storable and high energy density characteristics. The production of hydrogen fuels by solar energy is an attractive and sustainable solution to the energy problem due to its high energy conversion efficiency and zero-carbon emission. The technology of semiconductor nanomaterials photocatalytic water splitting has been considered as one of the most important approaches to achieve the conversion from solar energy to hydrogen energy. Nanostructured materials have been studied extensively for solar hydrogen production from water because of their distinctive properties and promise to offer superior photocatalytic performance. Moreover, chalcogenide nanomaterials have been intensively studied due to their luminescence and photocatalytic characteristics. However, chalcogenides would undergo photochemical decomposition into the components when irradiated in the absence of sacrificial electron donors. A suitable band engineering is necessitated to improve the photocatalytic activity because it could increase the solar energy harvestable ratio, photoexcited electron/hole pairs separation, and photocatalytic stability. In addition, the systems for water splitting in the production of hydrogen via sunlight can be classified as photocatalytic, photo-electrochemical, and photovoltaic-electrolysis systems.

並列關鍵字

Hydrogen energy ； Chalcogenide ； Water splitting ； Photocatalytic reaction ； Photo-electrochemical reaction