Since September 2003, ”character education” has been an important educational policy in Taiwan. Some scholars in Taiwan, concerned with the hot issue of character education, are now engaged in introducing the American experience with this kind of education. However, from a literature review the author learned that some western scholars have begun to conduct a rigorous examination of contemporary character education in the USA. They have pointed out some deficiencies that need to be corrected and some key questions to be answered. In this paper, therefore, the author poses three fundamental questions which so far remain unanswered: the justification and aims of character education, the clear and appropriate definition of character education, and the evaluation of character education. These pending questions, it is argued here, are worthy of thorough investigation and should be undertaken by those who really care about the healthy development of character education in Taiwan.