本文檢視90年代上海具有代表性的盧灣區「太平橋地區舊城改造計畫」與刻意維持舊有「石庫門」建築形式的「新天地」都市更新個案,以探究上海城市空間急遽轉變的驅動力,以及公私部門聯手推動都市更新的實際運作機制,並從中一探上海都市發展的現狀。本文指出「新天地」貌似歷史建築保護的空間塑造基本上是出自於資本積累的邏輯,以及將建築形式轉化為房地產象徵經濟的商業操作,在急欲擺脫城市發展歷史所積累之住房問題以及達成市政建設目標的脈絡下,上海市政府大量引進房地產外資投入舊城改造,在過程中萌生了公私部門持久性合作的親成長聯盟,並啟動著中國版本的縉紳化與郊區化現象。本文提出一個闡釋90年代政經體制轉軌下之中國大陸城市空間發展機制與地方政府和外資等作用者角色的「租隙競逐政權」模型,以探索具有中國特徵的都市治理權力結構,並與相關理論展開對話。
This article aims to investigate the case of “Taipingqiao area’s urban renew project” and “Xintiandi” in Shanghai which conserves the traditional architectural form of “Shikumen”, to explore the driving force of the city’s spatial restructuring as well as the mechanism of public-private partnership. It points out that the logic of capital accumulation dominates the shaping of the spatial forms that look like historical preservation, and the architectural forms were transformed into symbolic values of real estate. In order to break away from the burdens of housing system and to achieve the purpose of infrastructure construction, the Shanghai city government was recommending the foreign real estate capital to engage in the urban renew project, and decentralizing the regulatory power to the district government. We argue that the persistent pro-growth coalition was emerging between the district government and the foreign real estate capital during the process of urban restructuring and property regime transformation, in the meanwhile, the process of China version’s gentrification and sub-urbanization was switched on. Finally, this article purposes the model of “rent gap seeking regime(RGSR)” to investigate the power structure of China’s urban governance and dialogues with relevant theories.