空間再層域化和國家：改革開放後的中國空間發展策略

Rescaling, State, and Spatial Development Strategy in Post-Reform China

簡博秀(Titan Bo-Xiu Jian) ； 周志龍(Tze-Lung Zhou)

《人文及社會科學集刊》 18卷1期 (2006/03) Pp. 77-118

https://doi.org/10.6350/JSSP.200603.0077

摘要

正當許多對全球化的研究都將焦點聚集在國家的終結、或是能力的腐蝕上，來說明國家領域將被全球化的經濟活動所支解的同時，本研究則將重心仍放置在一個國家主義的論述中－認為國家對空間層級的操弄，其實是一個領域化的策略，而真正的目的仍擺脫不掉一個國家為創造資本累積的空間邏輯。因此，在全球化的衝擊下，國家的角色並沒有因此而功能減弱，反而在空間的形塑上更具有影響力。這對改革開放後的中國大陸的國家空間策略描述而言，尤其明顯－自早期沿海開放政策、經濟特區和開放城市的設立，到九○年代的浦東開發和高新技術開發區的設置，莫不是以這個思維的邏輯進行空間的規劃。所以，本研究將爰用改革開放後中國大陸的國家做為範本，以經濟特區和高新技術園區做為例子，藉此來說明在經濟全球化的衝擊下，國家將如何應用空間層級的概念和再領域化的策略，來達到吸引外資和創造國家財富的最終目的。

關鍵字

全球化 ； 國家 ； 空間層域化和中國

並列摘要

Recent studies of the globalization confirm the absence of the state, or the contraction of the state, as the global scale expands. By contrast, this paper examines the changing relationship between state and globalization, then postulate that state scale is not being eroded, but rather, the state is being rearticulated and reterritorialized in relation to other scales, particularly both sub- and supra-state scales. Importantly, state re-scaling is a major accumulation strategy through which these transformed ”glocal” territorial states attempt to promote the global competitive advantage of their major urban region, as state face the violent challenge from globalization. With this in mind, we turn to Post-reform China. We select two examples, the Special Economic Zones (SEZS) and, High-and New Technology Development Zones (HNTDZs), to illustrate the forces at work in the China, this paper of intent is to show how the state deployed a spatial scalar and re-territorialization strategy to attract foreign direct investment and create national wealth under the influence of global economy; and we view these two spatial strategies as the process of state-rescaling.

並列關鍵字

Globalization ； State ； Rescaling ； and China

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