日本非政府組織與政府之外交協力兼論外務省的支援措施與對我國之啟示

The Partnership between Government and Non-Governmental Organizations in Japanese Foreign Affairs

林淑馨(Shu-Hsin Lin)

《政治科學論叢》 32期 (2007/06) Pp. 71-108

https://doi.org/10.6166/TJPS.32(71-108)

摘要

隨著民主化和全球化的發展，以國家為單位的世界觀逐漸受到挑戰，這同時也意味著未來政府的許多職能將直接由「民間」來監督甚至經營。在此趨勢下，非政府組織有機會活躍於國際舞台，從而刺激國際社會中既存的觀念與價值，同時也迫使政府必須重新思考國家的職能。基於此，本研究以日本的非政府組織為對象，來瞭解該國非政府組織與政府在外交事務上的互動，以及外務省對組織所建制之援助法制，從而提出可以努力的行動策略方案以作為我國參考。
研究結果發現，為避免外交政策決策過程中忽略民眾的意見，有必要加入新的行動者－即非政府組織，以提升政策制訂過程的正當性與透明性。另外，從日本經驗得知，我國非政府組織不應消極地扮演補充性功能，應積極培養組織對國際社會的責任與使命，並正視其在外交事務方面之參與能力。另一方面，政府也可以考慮如何著手建制一個有助於非政府組織發展的法制環境，以及思考補助金制度化的可能，同時也檢討藉由設置專責職位以增強雙方溝通途徑的必要性。

關鍵字

非政府組織 ； 全球化 ； 外交事務 ； 夥伴關係 ； 外務省

並列摘要

With the development of democracy and globalization in the 21st century, nation-based global outlook is confronted with challenges. In the future many governmental functions will come under the direct supervision of non-governmental units. Subject to such trends, this offers non-governmental organizations the opportunity to find their place on the international stage, to stimulate existing concepts and values that exist in international society as well as to force the government to re-consider national functions. Under such context, this essay will take Japan's non-governmental organizations as the research subject for in-depth understanding of the interaction between Japan's non-governmental organizations and government foreign affairs as well as to develop a better realization of the supportive measures established by the Ministry of Foreign Affairs, thus furthering schemes of action strategy for Taiwan's reference.
Findings indicate that it is necessary to add new actors, i.e. non-governmental organizations, to avoid overlooking public opinion in the course of diplomatic policy-making, thus elevating legitimacy and transparency in the course of drawing up the policy. Moreover, Japan's experience leads us to the realization that Taiwan's non-governmental organizations should not play out their residual function negatively but should instead nurture their responsibility and mission towards society positively as well as lay stress on their ability to participate in diplomatic affairs. Furthermore, the government could consider how to set up one legal environment which will benefit non-governmental organizations and could also deliberate the possibility of a system of subsidies as well as strengthening channels of mutual communication through the establishment of functional posts.

並列關鍵字

NGO ； globalization ； foreign affairs ； partnership ； Ministry of Foreign Affairs

參考文獻

無任所大使

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