硫黃對落花生缺鐵黃化症之防治效應及品種間差異

Effects of Sulfur on Peanut Chlorosis Caused by Iron Deficiency and Its Difference among Varieties

江國忠(Kao-Chung Jiang)

《花蓮區農業改良場研究彙報》 5期 (1989/05) Pp. 11-12

摘要

花蓮地區石灰質土壤種植落花生發生缺鐵黃化症甚為普遍，生育及產量均受影響。為探討落花生缺鐵黃化症能否以硫黃的條施及耐黃化症品種的栽種而獲得經濟有效的防治方法，於民國75年秋作至77年春作在鳳林地區選擇石灰質片岩沖積土且往年均發生葉片黃化的花生田進行試驗。結果指出台南選9號對缺鐵黃化症之感受性最為敏感，台南10號次之，台南11號的耐性最強；而每一品種中，條施硫黃1公頃比同品種而無施硫黃者之葉色均有些微或明顯的差異，尤其是台南選9號施硫黃1噸／公頃對於落花生黃化現象減輕很多。就產量調查結果而言，在有效鐵含量較少之土壤，以台南選9號每公頃1,090公斤最高，在有效鐵含量較多之土壤，以台南11號每公頃1,716公斤最高；而在同一品種中，條施硫黃之處理比無施硫黃之處理均有增產的效果，其中以台南10號的增產百分率最高，在落花生缺鐵黃化嚴重地區可增產61.8∼88.3%，在落花生缺鐵黃化較輕微地區則增產10.9∼25.0%。

並列摘要

Iron deficiency of peanut has been commonly occurred in Hualien area, especially in calcareous soil. Leaf chlorosis might inhibit photosynthetic rate, retard growth and lower yield capacity of peanut. In order to determine the effects of strains and banding sulfur on reducing incidience of leaf chlorosis of peanut, experiment was performedin Feng-Lin town, Hualien prefecture. Treatments consist of sulfur banding with three varieties of TNS 9, TN10 and TN11. The results showed that TNS 9 was the most sensitive to leaf chlorosis among three tested varieties. Sulfur treatment yielded beyond non-sulfur for all three tested varieties of TNS9, TN10, TN11. Leaf color of each variety was turned green due to banding sulfur and the effects were highly significant difference, especially for TNS9, which leaf chlorosis was most quickly recovered with sulfur. The yield of TNS9 (1,090 kg/ha) was the highest in the poor, sandy soil, and that of TN11 (1,716 kg/ha) was the highest in the rich, sandless soil among three peanut varieties. Sulfur banding could increase yield capacity of peanut compared to non-sulfur, especially for TN10. Yield increaments were by 61.8-88.3% in the heavy soil, and those were by 10.9-25.0% in the light soil for iron-deficiency area.