利用溫度單位劃分水稻生育期之可行性研究

Study on Predicting the Rice Growth Duration Using Thermo Unit Accumulation

劉瑋婷(Wei-Ting Liu)

《花蓮區農業改良場研究彙報》 9期 (1993/05) Pp. 109-127

https://doi.org/10.6957/RBHDAIS.199305.0109

摘要

為探討以溫度單位來劃分水稻生育期之可能性，以本省水稻品種台農67號，台中秈10號及台中190號，分別以四個插秧期（二月、三月、四月、五月），二個地點（台中市，花蓮縣吉安鄉）進行田間試驗。溫度單位的計算，採用生育度數法（GDD）及修飾生育度數法（MGDD）二種。即生育期間，每日最高溫與每日最低溫的平均，減去基礎溫度之總和，而修飾生育度數則將每日最高溫超過30℃者視為30℃計算。基礎溫度是以水稻種子經發芽試驗後，以分割式回歸法求得種子發芽速率為零時之溫度，台農67號為12.26℃，台中秈10號為7.07℃，台中190號為9.8℃。試驗結果顯示，三個水稻品種在不同栽培地點，不同插秧期，其各生育階段溫度單位的累積，除生殖生長期外，均較傳統的生育日數法穩定，並以MGDD法較GDD法為佳，故以溫度單位累積之模式來劃分水稻生育期應為可行。

關鍵字

水稻 ； 溫度單位 ； 熱單位 ； 生育度數

並列摘要

In order to realize the possibility of predicting the rice growth duration by using thermo unit accumulation, the field experiments were conducted by three rice cultivars TNG 67,TCS 10 and TC 190 in four transplanting dates at two locations in 1989. The thermo models were the growing degree days (GDD) and modified growing degree days ( MGDD). The GDD for a given day is defined as average of daily maximum and minimum temperature minus a base temperatme. MGDD is the same equation as GDD but with a threshold of 30℃ imposed on maximun temperature. The base temperature for germination of each genotype were got by segmented regession which modified the simple linear regression, and determined as x -intercept from regression the rate of germination(i.e., the reciprocal of the numher of days required to germinate ) vs. the temperature. The base temperature of TNG 67, TCS 10 and TC 190 are 12.26℃,7.07℃and 9.8℃, respctively. Results indicated that the thermo unit models using the GDD and MGDD were more accurate than using calendar days for predicting all rice growth stage except the reproductive stage. The MGDD accumulation index for rice growth and development at different growth seasons and locations was more stable than GDD.

並列關鍵字

Rice (Oryza sativa L. ) ； Thermo unit ； Heat unit ； Growing degree days