有機質肥料不同施肥法對文旦柚品質與產量之影響

Effects of Organic Fertilizer Application on the Quality and Yield of Wentan Pomelo (Citrus grandis (L.) Osbeck)

彭德昌(Der-Chang Perng) ； 王銀波(Yin-Po Wang)

《花蓮區農業改良場研究彙報》 13期 (1997/01) Pp. 37-51

https://doi.org/10.6957/RBHDAIS.199701.0037

摘要

為究明文旦柚果園之有機質肥料施用之方式亦即將有機質肥料採用不同之施用量、施肥位置及施肥深度等處理對文旦柚營養狀態、果實品質及產量之影響，並探討其對改進果園土壤理化性、提高施肥效率、增進根群發育與分佈之效果，於82～84年度在東部地區文旦柚主要產地之花蓮縣瑞穗鄉進行試驗。結果顯示，對文旦柚果實品質之影響而言，其果皮厚度、果肉重及果汁量，各處理間之差異均不顯著。有機質肥料不論採30cm或以60cm深施之處理，其糖度、果糖、蔗糖及葡萄糖之含量均以每株施用16 ㎏比32 ㎏者為佳；文旦柚之產量與果實數均以每株施用有機質肥料16 ㎏深度60cm者為最高，未施用有機質肥料而只施化學肥料之文旦柚產量及果實數則最低。以產量與品質綜合而論，文旦柚之有機質肥料採深層施肥之方式每株施用16 ㎏及施肥深度為60cm之處理較佳。文旦柚果園採深層施肥之方式施用有機質肥料，可改善土壤之pH值，增加土層中有機質、Bray-1 磷、鉀、鈣、鎂、錳、鋅、硼等營養元素之含量，降低土壤之總體密度，並可促進中、下層土壤中根系之生長與分布。

關鍵字

文旦柚 ； 有機質肥料 ； 施肥方法

並列摘要

The objective of this study was to investigate the significance of deep placement of organic fertilizers. The study was conducted between 1993 and 1995 at Juisui , Hualien, where is one of the most important Wentan pomelo production areas in Taiwan. Experiment was designed to examine the application of organic fertilizers based on amount of fertilizer used, position of fertilizer applied, and the placement depth. Nutrition of Wentan pomelo tree, fruit quality and yield, physical and chemical properties of soil were examined for each treatment. The results indicated that differences of fruit quality, such as rind thickness, pulp weight and fruit juice among treatments, were not at significant level. Both 30 cm and 60 cm deep organic fertilizer placements had better results on brix degree, and content of fructose, sucrose, and glucose of treatment using 16 kg organic fertilizer, compared to treatment using 32 kg organic fertilizer. In aspects of fruit number and quality, the treatment of 16 kg fertilizer application at a depth of 60 cm was the best, and the treatment applied chemical fertilizer only (without using organic fertilizer) was the lowest.Deeply applying organic fertilizer increased soil pH, organic matter and nutrient (P, K, Ca, Mg, Mn, Zn, and B) contents, decreased soil bulk density, and enhanced the extension and distribution of root system of the trees.

並列關鍵字

Wentan pomelo ； Citrus grandis (L.) Osbeck ； Organic fertilizer ； Application method