氣象因素對宜蘭地區水稻產量之影響

Studies on the Effect of Meteorological Factors on Rice Yield in I-Lan Area

李祿豐(Loo-Fong Lee)

《花蓮區農業改良場研究彙報》 17期 (1999/12) Pp. 96-105

https://doi.org/10.6957/RBHDAIS.199912.0096

摘要

為探討氣象因素對宜蘭地區第一、二期稻作產量差異懸殊之影響，就1987年至1996年在蘭陽分場試驗田進行水稻豐歉預測試驗之氣象紀錄加以整理分析。結果得知，在水稻孕穗、抽穗及穀粒充實前期等三個重要時期之降雨量、日射量及氣溫等，兩期作之間均呈現顯著差異。經分析氣象因素與結實率及產量之相關結果得知，第二期作孕穗期間之平均最高氣溫與結實率及產量之間呈顯著相關，前者之相係數r=0639*，後者r=0.678*。由上述結果得知，宜蘭地區第二期稻作在生殖生長期間因降雨量太多，使得日射量減少，氣溫下降，導致結實率低、穀粒充實不飽滿，最後影響稻穀產量，比一期作減少41.2%。

關鍵字

氣象因素 ； 產量 ； 結實率 ； 豐歉預測 ； 日射量 ； 相關係數

並列摘要

There was a significant difference of rice yield observed between the first and the second crops in I-Lan area. To investigate factors influencing rice yield, the meteorological data together with rice cultivation data were collected and were analyzed from 1987 to 1996 at Lan-Yang branch station of Hualien DAIS. Results have shown that rainfall, solar radiation, and air temperature recorded at three important stages (booting, heading, and early maturing) were significantly different between the first and the second crops.In second crop, air temperature at booting stage was significantly correlated with the fertility and yield. The correlation coefficient was calculated as r=0.639* and r=0.678*, respectively. The results indicated that there were too much rainfall, less solar radiation, and decreased air temperature observed during the second crop in I-Lan area. These situations happened during rice reproductive stage had resulted in lower fertility and non-filled grains. Therefore, the final yield of the second crop was lower than the first crop by 41.2%.

並列關鍵字

Meteorological factors ； Yield ； Fertility rate ； Forecast trial ； Solar radiation ； Correlation coefficient