落花生莢果網紋及每莢粒數之遺傳研究

Inheritance of the Pod Reticulation and Number of Kernels Per Pod in Peanut (Arachis hypogaea L.)

余德發(Der-Fa Yu) ； 白鏹(Chiang Pai)

《花蓮區農業改良場研究彙報》 20期 (2002/12) Pp. 11-19

https://doi.org/10.6957/RBHDAIS.200212.0011

摘要

莢果網紋及每莢粒數為落花生重要的農藝性狀，本研究之目的在了解落花生之莢果網紋及每莢粒數之遺傳，藉以提供雜交育種時之參考。本研究以台南12號及EG PN-18等2品種（系）為材料，進行莢果網紋及每莢粒數的遺傳分析，結果顯示以淺網紋的台南12號和深網紋的EG PN-18為親本進行正反交，其F（下標1）世代不論正反交莢果網紋均表現介於兩親之間的中網紋，而F（下標2）世代之表現型亦均呈現1淺網紋：2中網紋：1深網紋之分離比，由此推測，莢果網紋之遺傳係受單一不完全顯性基因之控制；再經後裔檢定及測交試驗均符合上述假定。每莢粒數的遺傳係以2粒莢的台南12號和3－4粒莢之EG PN-18為親本進行正反交，其F（下標1）世代的單株不論正反交，均以2粒莢為最多數，F（下標2）世代的單株則均呈15（2粒莢）：1（3粒莢）之分離比。再者，以正反交F（下標2）世代的2粒莢單株繁殖成之F（下標3）世代後裔系統，呈現7不分離：8分離之分離比，而F（下標2）世代的3粒莢單株繁殖成之F（下標3）世代後裔系統則均無分離之表現。因此，推測每莢粒數係受非等位重複基因所控制。

關鍵字

落花生 ； 莢果網紋 ； 每莢粒數 ； 遺傳

並列摘要

The pod reticulation and number of kernels per pod are important agronomic characters of peanut. To study the inheritance of these characters in peanut, TN12 and EG PN-18 were used as materials. Results were summarized as follows:1. The reciprocal crosses of TN12 with slight reticulation of pod and EG PN-18 with prominent reticulation were made. The F1 of reciprocal crosses showed moderate reticulation. The segregated ratio of F2 generation was 1 slight : 2 moderate : 1 prominent. As the results of progeny test and testcross, it was suggested that the inheritance of reticulation is controlled by a single and incomplete dominant gene.2. The reciprocal crosses of TN12 with 2-kernel and EG PN-18 with 3- or 4-kernel were made. Most of the F1 showed the character of 2-kernel. The segregated ratio of F2 was 15 (2-kernel) : 1 (3-kernel). The segregated ratio of F3 from F2 of 2-kernel was 7 (nonsegregated) : 8 (segregated). However the F3 from F2 of 3-kernel showed no segregation. It was indicated that the character of number of kernels per pod was controlled by duplicate genes.

並列關鍵字

Peanut ； pod reticulation ； number of kernels per pod ； inheritance