應用非農藥資材防治水稻稻熱病之研究

Effect of Non-Chemical Materials on the Control of Rice Blast Disease

陳任芳(Jen-Fang Chen)

《花蓮區農業改良場研究彙報》 28期 (2010/11) Pp. 35-44

https://doi.org/10.6957/RBHDAIS.201011.0035

摘要

稻熱病為水稻重要的病害之一，本研究以非農藥資材分別於水稻第一期作與第二期作進行對稻熱病防治效果評估。結果顯示非農藥資材丁香油600倍對稻熱病防治效果最佳，發病率為4.5%；穗稻熱病則以苦楝油600倍防治效果較佳。於有機栽培田進行防治試驗，結果仍顯示丁香油600倍及氯化鐵200倍對葉稻熱病具抑制效果。利用亞磷酸等抗病誘導物於稻熱病發病初期進行防治，結果亞磷酸1,500倍對葉稻熱病防治率為55%，對穗稻熱病防治率則為52%，防治效果均為最高，於二期作試驗結果亞磷酸防治效果則與化學藥劑三賽唑之防治效果相同，防治率均為43%，二個期作試驗結果均顯示亞磷酸的抗病誘導效果最穩定。市售之非農藥資材以木黴菌與肉桂油之防治效果最佳，二期作在穗稻熱病及枝梗稻熱病防治方面則均與對照組呈顯著差異。於分蘗初期、分蘗盛期、孕穗期前與齊穗期噴施非農藥資材，結果顯示在枝梗稻熱病方面，木黴菌、枯草桿菌及肉桂油與對照藥劑三賽唑呈差異不顯著，具相同之防治效果。

關鍵字

水稻 ； 有機栽培 ； 稻熱病 ； 非農藥防治

並列摘要

Rice blast is one of important diseases in rice production in Taiwan. The non-chemical materials were used to evaluate the efficiency of control rice blast disease at the first and second crops in this study. After screening the non-chemical materials for control of rice blast disease, most effective material was Clover oil, the incidence of rice leaf blast disease was 4.5%. However, the best material for control of rice ear blast disease was Neem oil. The rice leaf blast disease could be suppressed by Clover oil and Ferric chloride in the organic farming field. The control rates of rice leaf and ear blast disease were 55% and 52%, respectively, by resistance inducing substance Phosphite. In the following test at the second crop, data showed that Phosphite had the same effect as Tricyclazole on control of the rice blast disease. The most effective non-chemical material from marketing for rice leaf blast at the first crop was Trichoderma sp. and Cinnamon oil, and for rice ear and branch blast at the second crop was showed significant difference with control. The effect of Trichoderma sp., Bacillus sp. and Cinnamon oil on control of branch blast was same as Tricyclazole after spraying at early tillering, tillering, before booting and full heading stage of rice, rsepectively.

並列關鍵字

rice ； organic farming ； rice blast ； non-chemical measures