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成人頸椎外傷的放射線評估

AN EVALUATION OF CERVICAL SPINE TRAUMA IN ADULT

摘要


本院自民國76年1月至78年2月止共收集頸部外傷有22例,年齡分佈由15歲到68歲。以外傷機轉來區分,計有過屈型外傷(hyperflexion)7例(31.8&),過屈-旋轉型(flexion-ratation)1例(4.5%),過伸-旋轉型(extension-rotation)1例(4.5%),垂直壓迫型(vertical compression)3例(13.6%),過伸型(hyperextension)4例(18.2%),合併有過伸型及垂直壓迫型6例(27.3%)。以穩定的程度(degree of stability)來加以區分,計有穩定型(stable)18例(81.8%),不穩定型(unstable)4例(18.2%)。若以發生部位來加以區分,骨折或移位發生在C 5-7之間爲最多有13例(59.1%),其次在C 1-2有5例(22.7%)。有神經方面的傷害者15例(68.2%),其中脊髓傷害14例(63.6%),神經根損傷1例(4.5%)。頸椎外傷不論是骨折或移位,在X光診斷上,素片、電腦斷層檢査(CT)或脊髓腔攝影術等,均扮演了重要的角色,有其特定的價值。頸椎外傷之骨折可同時在多部位發生,故在判讀時不可掉以輕心,以便得到迅速及正確的診斷。

並列摘要


In a consecutive series of 22 cases of C-spine trauma have been collected from Jan. 1987 to Feb. 1989. According to the mechanism of injury, there are 7 cases caused by hyperflexion (31.8%), 1 case by flexion-rotation (4.5%), 3 cases by vertical compression (13.6%), 4 cases by hyperextension (18.2%) and 6 cases by combined hyperextension -vertical compression (27.3%). According to the degree of stability, there are 18 cases of stable injury (81.8%) and 4 cases of unstable injury (18.2%). According to the location of injury, the peak incidence of 59.1% occurred at C 5 to C 7 and the second peak of 22.7% occurred at C 1 to C 2. There are 14 cases showed cord injury and 1 radiculopathy. Plain films, CT and CT myelography all play an important role in making a prompt and accurate diagnosis. It also should be kept in mind that multiple fractures may occur in C-spine trauma.

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