- 期刊
- OpenAccess
台灣主要汽油類農業機械耗油量調查分析
Survey and Analysis of Fuel Consumption of Popular Gasoline-Type Agricultural Machinery in Taiwan
摘要
我國是個能源高度依賴進口的國家，對於農業機械耗油量的多寡，不單影響農作成本，更影響國家能源政策的訂定與環境品質的維護，所以農業機械耗油量一直是農民、政府相關單位及農機廠商等共同關切的問題。本研究針對台灣汽油類農業機械，進行耗油量的調查與分析；對象以農民爲主，研究機械包括中耕機、動力噴霧機、動力插秧機、農地搬運車、及動力割草機等，共選取1071個樣本，並分成標稱耗油量、調查耗油量及紀錄耗油量等三方面，分別探討，並進而推估各機種的年使用耗油量。結果顯示，在調查耗油量方面，單位馬力平均耗油量在動力插秧機爲268c.c./ps-h，中耕管理機259c.c./ps-h，動力割草機412c.c./ps-h，動力噴霧機530c.c./ps-h，農地搬運車爲233c.c./ps-h，顯示不同機種在耗油量上的差異。而在整台標稱耗油量、調查耗油量及紀錄耗油量變異數分析結果顯示，動力插秧機的三項耗油量均無顯著差異，動力割草機的調查與紀錄耗油量亦無明顯差異，但在中耕管理機方面，其標稱耗油量與調查及紀錄耗油量皆有顯著差異。造成差異的原因，可能是機械規格、使用環境狀況與操作者習慣等不同所致。
並列摘要
Taiwan is a highly dependent area for energy import. The fuel consumption of agricultural machinery not only influences on the cost of agricultural production, but also on the policy of energy and environment conservation. Thus, fuel consumption has been a considerable issue for farmers, government agent, and manufactures. Totally, there were 1071 samples from farmers were surveyed here, regarded to agricultural machines used gas engine, for instance, cultivator, power sprayer, rice transplanter, agronomic transporter, and mower. Fuel consumption was analyzed in labeled, surveyed, and recorded aspects, in addition to yearly fuel consumption. Results showed that surveyed fuel consumptions for unit power were 268 c. c. /psh for rice transplanter, 259 c. c. /ps-h for cultivator, 412 c. c. /ps-h for mower, 530 c. c. /ps-h for power sprayer, and 233 c. c. /ps-h for agronomic transporter, respectively. This result demonstrated the effects of machine type in fuel consumption as well. Meanwhile, in 5% significant test, there was no difference among labeled, surveyed, and recorded fuel consumption for rice transplanter, but significant difference between labeled and surveyed was shown after cultivator. The specification and performance of machines, field condition and the operator's skill might cause these effects.