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美國AFDC與Medicaid政策關係探討

The Policy Relationship between AFDC and Medicaid in USA

摘要


為何一個方案的改變通常會同時引起其他的方案作類似的改變呢?學者Saundra Schneider女士研究了三個可能的聯結關係: (1) 因果關係的相互依賴; (2) 共同環境的影響; (3) 和方案有相關的特定方案之因素。她藉著分析美國政府的AFDC和醫療補助方案的資料,發展出一個模式去測試這三個聯結因素對AFDC和醫療補助的影響。她的實驗結果指出AFDC與醫療補助間的所有關係,並且歸納出它們彼此之間是一個不對稱的因果關係, 同時, 這兩個方案所產生的因果關係,均視其各自領受補助者之人口總數而定。她的研究發現對了解美國政府的社會福利政策的結構與發展是一個重要的啟示。

並列摘要


Why is it that changes in one program area often coincide with similar changes in other programs. Saundra Schneider investigates three possible linkages: causal interdependencies; common environmental influences; and program-specific factors that are correlated across programs. She develops a model to test these three oinkages by analyzing state-level data on the AFDC and Medicaid programs. Her empirical results demonstrate the overall relationship between AFDC and Medicaid and attribute it to an asymmetric causal influence as well as the two programs' dependence on their respective recipient populations. Her findings have important implication for understanding the structure and evolution of social welfare policies in the American state.

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