加入WTO對台灣產業影響及其議提前瞻

Effects and Related Issues of Joining WTO on Taiwan Industries

梁榮輝(Jung-Hui Liang)

《中國行政評論》 7卷3期 (1998/06) Pp. 19-34

https://doi.org/10.6635/cpar.1998.7(3).02

摘要

本文探討台灣經濟發展過程中之經濟自由化政策與即將加入WTO所受的衝擊，從中並衍發未來可能遭遇之調適問題和發展方向。就產業之影響而言，農業問題將因農民問題而衝擊最大，製造業則因長期在國際市場競爭，其所受衝擊最小，惟受一般策略性產業政策的保護，相關特定行業將有部份之衝擊。至於服務業，則因國內管理技術水準與先國家仍有差距，衝擊在所難免，惟因服務業通常與國內市場或產業有關，考量外商之進入須結合國內資源以搶佔國內市場，其對國內服務產業之發展利弊互見。然而，衡諸台灣尚未加入WTO，目前正面臨之難題包括權益共識、頭期款、課稅、環保標準、政府採購、兩岸入會，以及入會後引發調適等問題，因此未來必須早日擬定產業衝擊之因應策略，加強部門別前瞻性重點規劃，以及善用WTO改革契機。

關鍵字

策略規劃 ； 世界質易組織 ； 產業結構 ； 頭期款條款 ； 科技島

並列摘要

This paper explores possible impacts of joining WTO and related economic deregulations on Taiwan in the process of economic development. In order to participate in WTO, important issues and required adjustments faced by Taiwan include the following: Public consensus, down-payment clause, reduction of tariff rates, environment standard, government subsidies and purchases, as well as political uncertainty between cross straits. The impacts on individual industrial sectors are not the same. The primary (agriculture) sector would receive serious impacts, the adjustment policy should focus on how to raise farmers' income. The secondary (manufacturing) sector would have least even positive effects in the long run. The influence on the third (service) sector is ambiguous, deregulation of domestic market will cause more competition and cooperation with foreign firms, which would increase the efficiency and skill of domestic firms.

並列關鍵字

Strategic Planning ； WTO ； Industrial Structure ； Down Payments Clause ； Islands of Technology