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衝突乎?融合乎?從自由主義分析新公共行政的內涵

The Content of New Public Administration-A Perspective of Liberalism

摘要


新公共行政,就其對「社會正義」(social justice)堅持、理論發軔時間與「正義論」約略同時等特性來說,筆者傾向認為新公共行政係新自由主義下的產物。在新自由主義於1940、1950年代開始批判古典自由主義以及功利主義的同時,新公共行政也批判古典自由主義思潮下產生的傳統公共行政。 再者,新公共行政自三種對立的政治哲學汲取知識養份,除新自由主義外,還包括社群主義以及新馬克斯主義。雖然新公共行政可能有意擷取各家學說養分,以發展更為整各性、更富公共價值的行政理論,但由於三項意識形態之間存在本質上的爭議,因而使得新公共行政的內涵似乎顯得有點特殊,正面來說是融合各家,負面來說可能是衝突矛盾。

並列摘要


According to some characteristics of New Public Administration (NPA), for examples, social justice, the optimism toward government and bureaucracy, the state intervention on social life, we can identify the NPA as being based on new liberalism. In addition ,part of the NPA were also influenced by communitarism and neo-Marxism( especially the Frankfurt School). NPA might want to integrate the three theories to reinforce the publicness of public administration, but there are some six fundamental paradoxes between them. For examples, the Liberals insist the neutrality of state to clarify everyone’s right of judging what is “Goods” on his own way, but NPA and communitarists criticize that doctrine and declare the political community should share the common history ,value ,morals ,and so on.

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