後物質主義之地方開發政策－台南縣濱南工業區開發案探討

Local Developmental Policy in the Perspective of Post-materialism: The Pin-Nan Case of Tainan County

廖坤榮(Kun-Jung Liao) ； 陳雅芬(Ya-Feng Chen)

《中國行政評論》 12卷4期 (2003/09) Pp. 43-76

https://doi.org/10.6635/cpar.2003.12(4).02

摘要

本文以「後物質主義」(post-materialism)價值觀及「參與民主」為理論基礎，運用「地方政治菁英」途徑，探討濱南工業區開發案之所以發生政策衝突及僵局之主因。「後物質主義」重視公平、正義、自由(freedom)、自我表現(self-expression)，及生活品質(quality of life)追求，因而解構後的台灣社會對經濟與環保的抉擇由追求高「經濟出口」轉變為強調「環保」優先的政策偏好，反映台灣「後物質主義」的社會選擇，但在「參與民主」的要求下，濱南案仍形成政策衝突。
本文之基本命題：在民主的「後現代社會」，「後物質主義」的多元思潮興起，突顯價值觀的歧異，也因意識態度及價值觀的不同，造成議題分割，及形成小眾文化；加之政治民主化，資訊流通，公民參與的機會增多，民眾除有「知的權利」、「表述的權利」，更有「參與的權利」，因此由行政官僚及私人資本主導的開發政策，遂在價值競逐，與權利主張間造成「經濟」與「環境」，「民主」與「開發」的衝突困境。
因而，未來政府、私人資本及民間社會，三方皆需尊重社會多元價值的現象，革除本位主義，互相尊重，政府也應落實「永續經營」的環保承諾，以免運動團體將環保問題無限上綱至政治問題，使社會再次負出慘痛成本。

關鍵字

後物質主義 ； 政策參與 ； 利害相關者 ； 地方政治菁英 ； 鄰避情結

並列摘要

This research investigates policy making controversy and dilemma on Bin-Nan Industrial Development Zone through the perspectives of Post-materialism and participatory democracy. Post-materialism emphasizes equity, justice, freedom, self-expression, and quality of life. Political democratization in Taiwan changes policy preference from pursuit of high growth to environmental protection. The rise of Post-materialism in Taiwan reflects social choice. As a result, newly developed movement places great impact on policy process of Bin-Nan Industrial Development Zone.
The fundamental proposition of this research is that Post-materialism produced by Postmodern society brings about pluralistic and different value system which results in political and issue cleavage. Newly developed Post-materialism triggered by democratization, information flow, and policy participation has greatly involves in local development.
This research suggests that it is necessary to involve adequate social difference and policy participation as central or local governments engage in public development projects in order to ease policy controversy and conflict since Post-materialism arose in this island state.

並列關鍵字

Post-materialism ； policy participation ； stakeholders ； local political elite ； NIMBY