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Judicial Review and Policy Legitimation in Japan: The Study of Judicial Influences on Public Policy

日本的違憲審查與政策合法化:公共政策上的司法影響力之研究

摘要


政策合法化,也就是一項特定的政策讓政府所採行,在政策過中乃是非常的重要。因為缺乏此一程序,公眾對政策的接受將會容易瓦解。而在日本,政策合法化的最基本方法,則是由國會通過一項法案,不過法院的判決亦會賦與公共政策的合法性。尤其是在行使違害審查權之際,法院可以透過解釋憲法與法律,加以修正或否決公共政策,因此司法機關就成為了一個重要的政策制定機關。本文便是以憲法案例為主,研究日本之公共政策上的司法影響力。

並列摘要


Policy legitimation, a special policy is adopted by the government, is very important in the policy process. Without it, public acceptance of a policy is easily undermined. In Japan, a common method of policy legitimation is passage of a law by the Diet, but courts decisions also give legitimacy to public policy. Particularly in exercising the power of judicial review, courts can correct or void a public policy through interpreting the Constitution or laws. The judiciary, thus, has become an important policy-making forum. This paper focuses on the constitutional cases and studies judicial influence on public policy in Japan.

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