我國「自由經濟示範特區」政策規劃之途徑選擇：SWOT分析觀點

Pattern Choose of ＂Free Economic Pilot Zones＂ Policy Planning: SWOT Analysis Perspective

林彰聰(Chang-Tsung Lin)

《中國行政評論》 20卷特刊 (2014/12) Pp. 51-79

https://doi.org/10.6635/cpar.2014.20(S).03

摘要

邁入2014年，由於國人對於政府所規劃－「自由經濟示範區」的政策規劃無法深度地瞭解，造成社會產生了強烈質疑的聲音，最後導致「自由經濟示範區特別條例」位於順利地在立法院通過。由於「自由經濟示範區」政策對於未來我國如何配合區域整合趨勢進行經濟轉型有著關鍵的地位，決定對該政策的戰略將直接影響我國未來經濟轉型的成敗與否。所謂「戰略的成功可以挽回戰術的失敗，戰術的成功卻難以挽回戰略的失敗」，發展經濟特區的戰略就是必須在「境外途徑」或「境內途徑」之中選擇其一。對我國「自由經濟示範特區」政策規劃進行SWOT分析有助於政府決策者釐清正確的經濟發展特區的戰略，考量優勢、劣勢、機會及威脅後，再進一步透過TOWS矩陣，列出策略配對，結合「優勢與機會策略」（S.O.策略）；改善弱勢掌握機會策略（W.O.策略）；發揮優勢避免威脅策略（S.T.策略）；改善弱勢避免威脅策略（W.T.策略）。自然可以分析出「自由經濟示範區」政策規劃之願景策略、資源分享策略、行銷策略和轉型策略，最後得出究竟是要採取「分食區域整合大餅」的境外途徑，還是要選擇「將台灣經濟大餅做大」的「境內途徑」。SWOT分析方法可以幫助本文依據「運用優勢，彌補劣勢，掌握機會，避開威脅」的原則，研擬明確的自由經濟示範區發展策略。透過TOWS矩陣，再列出策略配對，這樣所組成的分析架構自然可以作為分析我國自由經濟示範區政策規劃的根本基礎。本文的研究結論是：假若我國「自由經濟示範特區」政策規劃戰略是尊重視場機制，那麼一切順其自然的「分食區域整合大餅」即可，採取的選擇是「境外途徑」。假若政策規劃的戰略是「跟隨者」，那麼，既然是跟隨者，其實我國也沒有太多選擇，只能盡可能地排除國內市場障礙，盡量地「把餅做大」，選擇採取「境內模式」。

關鍵字

新區域主義 ； 自由經濟示範區 ； 境內途徑 ； 境外途徑

並列摘要

Entered in 2014, due to the people for the government planning-policy planning ＂Free Economic Pilot Zones＂ can't understand the depth of the ground, causing the community have a strong voice of doubt, leading to ＂The Special Act for Free Economic Pilot Zones＂ is located in the legislature smoothly through. Because of ＂Free Economic Pilot zones＂ policy for the future trend of how to meet the economic restructuring of regional integration has a key position, the strategic policy decisions will directly affect the success or failure of China's future economic transformation. The so-called ＂successful strategy can restore failed tactics, tactical success but irreversible strategic failure＂, SEZ development strategy is to be at the ＂offshore pattern＂ or ＂onshore＂ among the chosen. After ＂Free economic Pilot Zones ＂ policy planning our SWOT analysis will help policy makers to clarify the right of the SAR's economic development strategy, taking into consideration the strengths, weaknesses, opportunities and threats, and further through the TOWS matrix, list matching strategy, combined ＂advantages and opportunities strategy＂ (SO strategies); improve opportunities for disadvantaged master policy (WO strategies); advantage to avoid the threat of strategy (ST strategies); to avoid the threat of strategies to improve the weak (WT strategies). Nature can analyze the ＂Free economic Pilot zones,＂ the vision of policy planning strategy, resource sharing strategy, marketing strategy and transformation strategy, the conclusion that what is going to take, ＂Regional Integration eating pie 'offshore pattern, or to choose＂ the Taiwan's economic pie bigger, ＂onshore pattern＂. SWOT analysis can help in this article in accordance with ＂the use of the advantages to make up for weaknesses, seize opportunities and avoid threats＂ principle steps to develop a clear pilot of the free economic zonedevelopment strategy. Through TOWS matrix, and then list the strategies paired analysis framework consisting of this nature can be used as the fundamental basis for the analysis of free economic demonstration zone policy planning. Conclusions of this study are: if the ＂free economy demonstration, DC＂ Our policy is to respect the strategic planning mechanism field, then everything comes naturally, ＂Regional Integration eating pie＂ to take the choice is ＂offshore pattern＂ If the policy of strategic planning is ＂followers,＂ Well, since it is a follower, in fact, our country did not have much choice but to exclude the domestic market barriers as possible, try to ＂expand the pie＂, choose to take ＂onshore pattern＂.

並列關鍵字

New regionalism ； Free Economic Demonstration Zone ； onshore pattern ； offshore pattern

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