改善電子收費執法系統效能之方法

A Method of Improving Performance of Electronic Toll Collection Enforcement System

徐國晃(Guo-Huang Hsu) ； 林良叡(Liang-Rui Lin) ； 簡榮宏(Rong-Hong Jan) ； 陳健(Chien Chen)

《電腦與通訊》 147期 (2012/10) Pp. 19-26

https://doi.org/10.29917/CCLTJ.201210.0003

摘要

由於車輛行駛於高速公路上必須在收費站做短暫的停留以支付通行費，這也造成了高速公路最嚴重的交通壅塞常發生在靠近收費站附近，所以一般常藉由建置電子收費系統來降低交通壅塞情況。然而，電子收費執法系統的自動車牌影像辨識（ALPR）技術其辨識率並不總是可靠，所以還是需要藉由人工方式來再檢查與更正辨識結果以增加準確率，如此也增加了額外的人事成本。本篇論文中，我們考慮－多車道自由流的電子收費系統，並將尋找未支付通行費車輛問題制定成一個雙分圖匹配問題，基於此雙分圖下提出－照片交易配對演算法（PT演算法）。我們在NS-2模擬器和三個不同的交通場景：擁擠交通量，正常交通量和稀疏交通量中對PT演算法的性能進行評估。模擬結果顯示，PT演算法大大降低了影像辨識次數，並且更適合與可靠應用於電子收費執法系統中。

關鍵字

電子收費 ； 多車道自由流 ； 違規執行系統 ； 雙分圖

並列摘要

Since the heaviest traffic congestion on highways occurs near toll gates where vehicles make a short stop to pay the toll, an electronic toll collection (ETC) system is usually built to eliminate t he traffic jams. However, the identification precision of automatic license plate recognition (ALPR) is not always reliable. Human review and correction will be needed to improve the accuracy and therefore will result in extra manual operation cost. In this paper, we consider multilane-free-flow ETC systems and formulate the non-payment vehicle searching problem into a matching problem and propose a Photograph-to-Transaction matching algorithm (PT algorithm) based on bipartite graph. The performance of the PT algorithm was evaluated in ns-2 simulator and three different traffic scenarios: congested traffic, normal traffic and sparse traffic. The simulation results show that our algorithm greatly reduce the number of plate recognitions, and is more feasible and reliable for ETC enforcement.

並列關鍵字

Electronic Toll Collection ； ETC ； Multilane Free Flow ； MLFF ； Violation Enforcement System ； Bipartite Graph