成人與胎兒之顳骨顏面神經管裂口

Dehiscence of the Facial Canal in Adult and Fetal Temporal Bones

蕭舜正(Shun-Cheng Hsiao) ； 賴銘堂(Ming-Tang Lai) ； 吳佳哲(Chia-Che Wu) ； 邱康瑄(Kang-Hsuan Chiu) ； 李飛鵬(Fei-Peng Lee)

《台灣耳鼻喉頭頸外科雜誌》 39卷1期 (2004/01) Pp. 1-5

https://doi.org/10.6286/2004.39.1.1

摘要

背景: 人類顏面神經管裂口在顳骨切片被發現之比率高達56-74%，其中又以卵圓窗區所見之比率最高。文獻報告雖然顯示低年齡層之顏面神經管裂口比率高於高年齡層者，但顏面神經管裂口於胎兒及成人之表現特徵之比較則未見文獻報告。本研究直接檢讀胎兒及成人顳骨切片，比較其顏面神經管裂口在卵圓窗區表現的差異性。
方法: 70件成人顳骨及39件胎兒顳骨，經脫鈣、包埋後製成連續水平切片。切片經染色及封片後以光學顯微鏡判讀。
結果: 成人顳骨僅59件成功製作成切片。其中有43件可見顏面神經管裂口（比率為72%）;可於卵圓窗區發現顏面神經管裂口者有24件（比率為41%）; 卵圓窗區顏面神經管裂口主要朝鐙骨板方向開放。38件胎兒顳骨切片中有37件可於卵圓窗區發現顏面經管裂口（比率為97%）; 卵圓窗區顏面神經管裂口主要朝中耳聜方向開放。
結論: 1) 胎兒與成人之卵圓窗區顏面神經管裂口之開放方向不同。胎兒之裂口朝向中耳腔，成人裂口朝向鐙骨板 ; 2) 胎兒之顏面神經管在卵圓窗區幾乎全有裂口（97%），成人側僅41%有裂口。

關鍵字

顏面神經管 ； 裂口 ； 胎兒 ； 成人

並列摘要

BACKGROUND: Histologic studies have reported incidences of facial canal dehiscence in the temporal bones that range from 56%~74%. The most frequent site of dehiscence was found to be the oval window area. Although it has been reported that facial canal dehiscences are more prevalent in younger populations, the true difference relative to adults remains unknown. This study presents a systematic review of human temporal bone sections to show the differences between fetal and adult facial canal dehiscences.
METHODS: Seventy adult and 38 fetal temporal bones were used in this study. The temporal bones were fixed in 10% buffered formalin, decalcified, embedded in celloidin, sectioned at 20 µm thickness, and stained with hematoxylin and eosin. A light microscope was used to examine the sections.
RESULTS: Fifty-nine adult and all fetal temporal bones were successfully processed. Of the 59 adult temporal bones, 43 (72%) exhibited facial canal dehiscence. Twenty-four (41%) of the 43 bones in the adults had a dehiscence affecting the oval window area. Thirty-seven (97%) of the fetal bones had a dehiscence affecting the oval window area. The oval window area dehiscences in adult temporal bones mainly faced the stapes, while the oval window area dehiscences in fetal temporal bones faced the tympanic cavity.
CONCLUSION: (1) The incidence of oval window area facial canal dehiscence is much higher (97%) in fetal specimens than in adult specimens (41%). (2) Dehiscences in fetal specimens faced the tympanic cavity, while dehiscences in adults faced the stapes.

並列關鍵字

facial canal ； dehiscence ； fetus ； adult