摘要
急性中耳炎的處理，一般以抗生素治療為主，只有少數狀況如免疫不全的幼童、新生兒、對抗生素投與無反應，尤其是併有敗血症的病患、有併發症的中耳炎等需要施以鼓膜穿剌和鼓室切開等外科療法。首先必須依臨床症狀確定診斷，接著考量是否為高危群患者而給予口服高劑量的amoxicillin 或 amoxicillin-clavulanate (Augmentin)治療7到10天。一般經過3天的觀察期後，如症狀持續存在，則可變更為高劑量的amoxicillin-clavulanate (Augmentin)、cefuroxime axetil (Zinnat)、cefclor monohydrate(Keflor)及肌注 Ceftriaxone 等藥物，10天後再做進一步的評估。治療有效的認定標準為臨床症候完全消失和鼓膜泛紅的程度消退。
關鍵字
急性中耳炎並列摘要
Management of acute otitis media depends mostly on antibiotics therapy, with supplemental intervention such as aspiration and tympanocentesis in conditions like immunocompromised children, newborn, baby, septic patients unresponsive to antibiotics and acute otitis media with impending complications. Definite diagnosis must be firstly made according to clinical symptoms and signs, followed by empirical treatment with high-doses of amoxicillin or amoxicillin-clavulanate therapy, depending on whether the patient is in a high risk group or not. After three days, if the symptoms persist, change to high-doses of amoxicillin-clavulanate, cefuroxime axetil , ceftriaxone or even tympanocentesis or myringotomy can be considered. Therapeutic cure is regarded as complete disappearance of clinical symptoms and resolution of drum redness.