歐盟整合模式與兩岸主權爭議之解析

European Integration Models and Cross-Strait Sovereignty Disputes

黃偉峰(David W. F. Huang)

《歐美研究》 31卷1期 (2001/03) Pp. 129-173

https://doi.org/10.7015/JEAS.200103.0129

摘要

歐盟整合模式曾被提議用來解決台灣與中國大陸之主權爭議。然而論者並未指出到底要套用那一個歐盟整合模式呢？往往歐洲整合被等同於功能性整合，並據此來提倡海峽兩岸之整合。可是功能性整合是否正確地詮釋歐洲整合之經驗則備受質疑。而且歐盟整合模式也不是一個毫無爭議的模式。至少本文指出歐盟功能性整合模式並無法解決兩岸主權爭議。反倒是主權爭議之適度解決和擱置是功能性整合得以推動之前提。欲適度解決兩岸主權爭議，與其套用功能性整合模式，不如探討莫拉維奇之「自由派政府間主義」。本文運用「自由派政府間主義」之內在邏輯來分析兩岸主權爭議的幾個關鍵環節，並據此提出「港澳、粵閩、金馬次區域經濟特區」的整合建構計畫。由於該方案符合馬特里所歸納的區域整合成功之供給與需求條件，因而是化解兩岸主權爭議的可行方案之一。

關鍵字

新功能主義 ； 自由派政府間主義 ； 「一個中國」原則 ； 外溢效果 ； 區域整合

並列摘要

The European integration model has been proposed to resolve the sovereignty dispute between Taiwan and China. But it is not clear as to ＂which＂ European integration model is to apply to the cross-strait dispute. Commentators usually equate European integration with functional integration, as if the latter is ＂sufficient＂ to explain the whole experience of European integration. Yet, not only is functional integration itself contested, but the European integration model is also not an undisputed single model. I argue that functional integration cannot resolve the cross-strait sovereignty dispute. On the contrary, the resolution or alleviation of sovereignty disputes is a prerequisite for functional integration. In order to alleviate the sovereignty dispute, I suggest we apply key concepts of Moravcsik's ＂liberal intergovernmentalism (LI) to the analysis of critical factors influencing the cross-strait sovereignty dispute. A subregional integration project that includes Hong Kong, Macau, and parts of China and Taiwan is proposed. Since this project meets Mattli's demand and supply conditions for any regional integration to succeed, it can be one of the alternatives that alleviate the sovereignty dispute between Taiwan and China.

並列關鍵字

neo-functionalism ； liberal intergovernmentalism ； One China principle ； spillover effect ； regional integration

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