歐洲化衝擊的差異：羅馬尼亞與保加利亞加入歐盟期間推動人權保障之進展比較

The Differential Impacts of Europeanization-A Comparative Study of Progress on Human Rights Protection in Romania and Bulgaria during EU Accession Negotiations

李正通(Albert C. T. Li)

《歐美研究》 42卷1期 (2012/03) Pp. 167-219

https://doi.org/10.7015/JEAS.201203.0167

摘要

「歐盟會籍」使得歐盟對於亟欲加入的國家具有明顯影響力，準會員國為爭取加入歐盟，往往願意接受歐盟的政治條件作為入會前提，亦即在入會前接受歐盟的諸多改革要求，進行「歐洲化」。然而，「歐盟會籍」對於不同準會員國的影響程度並不相同，呈現出「歐洲化」衝擊的不同結果。羅馬尼亞與保加利亞在加入歐盟前人權保障進展的範圍與程度差異，說明了準會員國「歐洲化」的範圍與程度，是「歐盟會籍」此一外部誘因與準會員國國內政治交互作用的結果。

關鍵字

歐洲化 ； 政治條件 ； 影響力 ； 社會學習

並列摘要

The EU enjoys significant leverage over ”members-in-waiting.” Candidate states tend to accept the EU's political conditionality as a prerequisite for accession. In other words, states tend to be acculturated to the EU before becoming EU members. However, the process of Europeanization does not produce exactly the same results in all candidate countries. This comparative study of the progress made on human rights protections in Romania and Bulgaria before their accession to the EU suggests that the differing scope and extent of Europeanization in candidate countries is reflective of the interplay of the comparative strength of domestic politics in the candidate states and leverage that can be exerted with the promise of EU membership.

並列關鍵字

Europeanization ； political conditionality ； leverage ； social learning

參考文獻

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Council of Europe. (1950). Convention for the protection of human rights and fundamental freedoms. Retrieved August 10, 2009, from http://conventions.coe.int/treaty/en/Treaties/Html/005.htm

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