隨著多邊與雙邊經貿活動之發展,各國貨品關稅已大幅降低。在此趨勢下,歐盟對外經貿政策,已由關稅減讓,朝向消除如服務貿易監管措施、商品與食品之檢驗檢疫、智財權等非關稅貿易障礙。在世界貿易組織對非關稅貿易障礙之規範強度偏低的情況下,雙邊自由貿易協定已成為各國推動非關稅貿易障礙自由化之主要機制。本文以「歐韓自由貿易協定」這個歐盟於2006年新經貿政策後第一個完成之「新世代」雙邊協定為例,探討歐盟透過雙邊架構,降低與消除服務貿易監管措施與技術性貿易障礙措施等非關稅貿易障礙之重點與模式。
In light of multilateral and bilateral trade liberalization movements in recent decades, there has been a significant reduction in tariff barriers to trade between nations. Against this background, the EU's new trade policy is shifting from the traditional paradigm of tariff concessions to the reduction and elimination of non-tariff trade barriers. As the multilateral regime under the World Trade Organization provides inadequate instruments for the reduction of non-tariff barriers, bilateral Free Trade Agreements (FTA) have become the preferred platform for addressing such issues. This paper takes the recently enacted EU-Korea FTA as one such example to explore the EU's strategy for reducing non-tariff barriers. There is a wide spectrum of non-tariff barrier issues, and the focus of this paper is on the use of discipline measures to reduce barriers associated with domestic regulations of service trade and technical barriers to trade (TBT) measures.