台南地區國中暨國小學生眼屈折狀態調查

Survey of the Refractive Status of the Primary School and Junior Middle School Students in Tainan

陳秀琴(Shiu-Chin Chen) ； 呂忠苓(Chung-Lin Lue) ； 李尚儒(Shung-Jhue Lee) ； 陳彥志(Yen-Zih Chen)

《中華民國眼科醫學會會刊》 28卷1期 (1989/05) Pp. 1-7

https://doi.org/10.30048/ACTASOS.198905.0001

摘要

本文乃對於台南市國小（1357名）、國中（1094名）及台南縣國小（553名）、國中（388名）學生共3392人，作一詳細的眼屈折狀態調查。以下為本次檢查的初步統計結果：
一、近視的盛行率：
1．不論是國小或國中，台南市的近視率皆較台南縣為高。台南市：國小36.2%，國中76.4%；台南縣：國小27.8%，國中72.0%。
2．近視率隨年級的增加而逐漸上升（台南市10.7%~80.8%），遠視的比率則隨年級增加而下降。
3．升學班的近視率及近視平均屈光度皆明顯高於就業班。
4．國中時女生近視率明顯高於男生，國小時男女差異較不明顯。
二、各年級屈光狀態分佈的變化情形：
1．國小：由一年級到六年級輕度遠視比率明顯減少而輕度近視的比率則明顯上升。
2．國中：由一年級到三年級中度近視比率明顯上升。
三、各年級平屈光度的變化情形：
1．從國小一年級至國中三年級有逐年近視化的趨向。
2．平均近視化速度在國小時以女生較快，到了國中則以男生較快。

並列摘要

A survey of visual acuity and refractive status was performed among 1910 primary school students and 1482 junior middle school students in Tainan area in 1988. The results were as the following:
1. The prevalence of myopia of the primary school and junior middle school students is higher in urban area (36.2%, 76.4%) than in rural country (27.8%, 72.0%).
2. The incidence of myopia increases with grade and the incidence of hyperopia decreases with grade.
3. The students with good schoolwork have obviously higher incidence of myopia and more myopic mean spherical equivalent value than that with bad school work.
4. The incidence of myopia is higher in girls than in boys in the junior middle school but no distinct difference between girls and boys in the primary school.
5. The distribution of refractive state by grade:
1) The incidence of mild degree of myopia obviously increases while the incidence of mild degree of hyperopia obviously decreases in the students of the sixth grade as compared to the students of the first grade in the primary school.
2) The incidence of moderate degree of myopia obviously increases in the students of the 3rd grade as compared to the students of the first grade in the junior middle school.
6. The mean spherical equivalent value changes toward myopia with age. In the primary school it changes more rapidly in girls while in the junior middle school it changes more rapidly in boys.

並列關鍵字

cycloplegics ； refractive state ； myopia ； mean spherical equivalent