幼童視力篩檢法之臨床評估

Clinical Evaluation of Visual Screening Tests among Small Children

吳淑芬(Shu-Fen Wu) ； 林隆光(Luke L. K. Lin)

《中華民國眼科醫學會會刊》 30卷3期 (1991/12) Pp. 126-132

https://doi.org/10.30048/ACTASOS.199112.0104

摘要

本文對門診2至7歲二千多位幼童做各種視力篩檢法，包括Landolt C五公尺視力表檢查，Titmus和TNO立體感圖測試，Cover test及睫狀肌麻痺後網膜檢影等檢查。發現測視力可以了解單眼視力如何，但無法區分單純屈光異常或弱視，而且無法測出兩眼共同視機能異常，可能使需要及早治療的斜視性或不等視性弱視幼童成漏網之魚。因此，立體感圖之測試也是不可或缺之項目。尤其以TNO亂點立體圖對內斜視之篩檢更具價值。對間歇性斜視幼童則要靠Cover test才能發現。而對於不合作、智力障礙或3歲以下幼童，則睫狀肌麻痺後之網膜檢影可幫助我們了解屈光情形，估計斜弱視情況，更是不可或缺之檢查。

並列摘要

Visual Screening tests was investigated in 2-7 year-old children by using Landolt C5 acuity test, Titmus stereotest, TNO stereogram, cover test, cycloplegic retinoscopy & ocular fundus examination. We found that visual acuity test alone could not distinguish amblyopia from simple refractive errors. But the majority of eye disorders were detected by visual acuity test. The other screening methods, the cover test and the stereotest revealed few additional children with significant ocular defects, especially binocular dysfunction. TNO random-dot stereogram has the advantage of lacking monocular depth cues. Therefore stereopsis testing with TNO stereogram seems to be the method of choice for mass screening to detect amblyopia and strabismus, especially esotropia. Cover test is a simple method to find manifest strabismus, but it will under-refer, the amblyopes without strabismus. Retinoscopy screening has the advantage of requiring only minimal cooperation of the children but it has the disadvantage of not being a direct test for amblyopia and strabismus. We suggested that the preschool children visual screening at least should include visual acuity test and TNO stereogram to detect the strabismus and amblyopia early.

並列關鍵字

Landolt C Acuity Test ； Titmus Sterestest ； TNO Random-Dot Stereogram ； Cover Test