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腦性麻痺患者之眼部表徵
Ophthalmological Manifestations in Cerebral Palsied Patients-Prospective Study
摘要
本研究針對120名腦性麻痺患者進行詳盡之眼科學檢查。100例(83%)的患者有眼睛方面的問題。其中屈光不正佔93例(78%)，斜視65例(54%)，弱視33例(28%)，眼球震顫11例(9%)，視神經萎縮9例(8%)。屈光不正患者多為遠視，佔74例(62%)，近視19例(16%)，總平約屈光值為0.911屈光度。有42例(35%)屈光不正患者具有2屈光度（含）以上的散光。斜視患者中，外斜視所佔比例最高，有39例(33%)，內斜視15例(13%)，其他（上斜視、麻痺性斜視、隱斜視）11例(9%)。33例弱視息者當中，28例有斜視，26例有屈光不正，為構成弱視的兩大原因。9例視神經萎縮患者當中，3例有缺氧或產傷病史，6例有水腦症。眼球震顫11例當中，水平眼震7例，垂直眼震2例，旋轉眼震2例。
關鍵字
無資料並列摘要
Cerebral palsy refers to motor dysfunctions characterized by abnormal control of the movement or posture of a patient early in life secondary to a central nervous system disorder. More than 80% of the patients had ocular disorders such as refractive errors, strabismus, gaze palsy, nystagmus, amblyopia, optic atrophy, ...etc. This study prospectively investigated 120 cerebral palsied patients since May, 1993. All of the patients were referred by ”The Cerebral Palsy Association of the Republic of China”. The cerebral palsy was classified as spastic, dystonic, athetoid, hypotonic, and mixed types. Every patient received detailed ophthalmologic examinations including visual acuity, near vision, stereoacuity, ocular motility, fundus examinations and cycloplegic refraction. The ocular findings were analyzed and compared among different groups. 100 (83%) cases had ophthalmological problems, including refractive errors 93 cases (78%), strabismus 65 cases (54%), amblyopia 33 cases (28%), nystagmus 11 cases (9%), and optic atrophy 9 cases (8%). Twenty six cases (22%) had refractive errors, strabismus, and amblyopia simultaneously. Optic atrophy was always associated with birth trauma or hydrocephalus.