This paper establishes a new record of the turtle-weed crab Caphyra rotundifrons (A. Milne-Edwards, 1869), family Portunidae, collected from Taiwan inshore waters. Unlike other portunid crabs, the turtle-weed crab remains almost permanently ensconced in a tuft of seaweed, Chlorodesmis fastigata (C. Agardh) Ducker (1969). Such an association between crabs and algae is uncommon. Photographs, diagonostic characteristics, distribution, and ecological association with seaweed of C. rotundifrons are provided.