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Cercaria Kuntzi n. sp. (Trematoda) from Oncomelania Hupensis Formosana, Its Metacercariae and Chromosomes

感染於臺灣釘螺之吸蟲尾動幼蟲之一新種Cercaria kuntzi n. sp.

摘要


我們發現從臺灣釘螺游出一種新的尾動幼蟲(尾幼),而將其命名為Cercaria kuntzi n. sp.以紀念孔志博士(Dr. Robert E. Kuntz)。感染之釘螺發現自南投縣之水里及楓樹林,以及高雄縣之六龜及建山。此尾幼有背腹鰭及兩個眼點,自釘螺釋出後不停地游動至死為止。拉杜希氏蛙(Rana latouchi)之蝌蚪可當做其第二中間宿主,尾幼穿入其體內後,經一個月左右時間發育為成熟的囊狀幼蟲(囊蟲),所試過之四種淡水魚(鯉魚、大肚魚、小溪哥、泥鰍)為不適當的第二中間宿主,因為絕大部今之尾幼未能穿入。為了取得成蟲以便完成其生活史,我們將囊幼餵食給小白鼠、鴨子、雞以及文鳥,但不成功。如果餵食給一種水蛇(Natrix sp.),則取到了幼蟲,但這些幼蟲並沒有成長或器官之分化;然而此結果暗示其終宿主可能是冷血脊椎動物。以尾幼胚胎為材料檢查有絲分裂的結果得知牠有14條染色體,並可排成7對。我們認為染色體之研究對尾幼之分類應有一定的幫助,而且也是新的嘗試。

關鍵字

吸蟲 尾動幼蟲 新種 染色體 臺灣釘螺

並列摘要


Cercaria kuntzi n. sp. parasitic to Oncomelania hupensis formosana is described from Taiwan. It has a continuous dorso-ventral finfold on the tail and is biocellate, the left eyespot being double which becomes apparent when pressed. The cercariae penetrated the tadpoles of Rana latouchi and became mature metacercariae in a month. The metacercariae excysted and survived for 2 weeks in a species of Natrix snake without growth or differentiation, but this suggests that its final hosts are probably poikilothermic vertebrates. It has a diploid chromosome number of 14 consisting of 7 homologous pairs. Possible benefit of chromosomal information in the classification of cercariae is discussed.

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