Phylogeny of the Specialized Schizothoracine Fishes (Teleostei: Cypriniformes: Cyprinidae)

特化等級裂腹魚類之系統親緣

陳自明(Zi-Ming Chen) ； 陳毅峰(Yi-Feng Chen)

《Zoological Studies》 40卷2期 (2001/04) Pp. 147-157

摘要

本文對特化等級裂腹魚類的系統親緣關係進行了探討。在特化等級裂腹魚類和裂腹魚屬的3個種以及一個化石種中發現41個有變化的骨骼和形態特徵。當僅以裂腹魚屬的3個種作外類群，所有的特徵等權和非秩序化時，可以產生一個最簡約樹，其步長為71，一致指數(CI)為0.6761，保留指數(RI)為0.7416。同時，利用自展法對該樹的可靠性進行檢驗。此外，在不同的條件下，如所有的特徵秩序化和化石種加入作為外類群，也對數據矩陣進行了分析。結果表明：1)特化等級裂腹魚類，即包括重唇魚屬(Diptychus)、葉鬚魚屬(Ptychobarbus)和裸重唇魚屬(Gymnodiptychus)3個屬的8個種形成一個單系群；2)葉鬚魚屬的5個種及亞種的單系性並不為自展法或當所有特徵秩序化時所構建的系統樹支特；3)裸重唇魚屬的3個種形成一個單系群；4)葉鬚魚屬和裸重唇魚屬的關係較近，而重唇魚屬是它們的姐妹群。

關鍵字

鯉科 ； 特化等級裂腹魚類 ； 特徵分析 ； 系統親緣關係 ； 青藏高原

並列摘要

To elucidate phylogenetic relationships within the specialized schizothoracine fishes, we used 41 variable osteological and external characters among this groups, three species of Schizothorax, and 1 fossil species. When the 3 species of Schizothorax were disignated as an outgroup and all 41 characters were set as unordered with equal weighting, the data matrix yielded a single most-parsimonious tree with a tree length of 71 steps, a consistency index of 0.6761, and a retention. index of 0.7416 Meanwhile, a bootstrap test was conducted to verify the reliability of the results. The matrix was also analyzed for different conditions: all characters were ordered and the fossil species was added as an outgroup. The phylogenetic analyses presented herein support the following hypotheses. 1) All species of the specialized schizo-thoracines fishes form a monophyletic group. 2) Monophyly of the genus Ptychobarbus is not supported by the bootstrap test or when these characters are ordered. 3) The genus Gymnodiptychus forms a monophyletic group. 4) All species of Ptychobarbus and Gymnodiptychus form a monophyletic group with Diptychus as its sister group.

並列關鍵字

Cyprinidae ； Specialized schizothoracine fishes ； Character analysis ； Phylogenetic relationships ； Tibetan Plateau