Two Notes on the Chinese bi Comparatives

有關漢語「比字比較句」的兩個註記

劉辰生(Luther Chen-Sheng Liu)

《Concentric： Studies in Linguistics》 38卷1期 (2012/05) Pp. 69-91

https://doi.org/10.6241/concentric.ling.201205_38(1).0003

摘要

本文在不涉入「比字比較句」應否分析為「子句比較句」或是「詞組比較句」的前提下，論證此一結構具有下列兩個語法及語意特性：第一、「比」字不是一個程度詞；它的句法作用在引介「比較標準項」並與之組成一個加接於比較謂語左側的附加語詞組；在語意上「比」字會和句中表「比較」語意的程度副詞組成一對關聯詞。第二、「比」字所引介的「比較標準項」不能是一個可以受程度副詞修飾的詞組，否則會引發「向度衝突」，從而造成句子的不合語法。

關鍵字

「比」 ； 關聯詞 ； 程度詞 ； 向度衝突

並列摘要

Instead of jumping into the debate on whether the Chinese bi comparative is a clausal or a phrasal comparative, I argue for the following two points concerning this construction. First, the marker bi is not a degree word; instead, it functions to introduce the standard and forms a pair of correlative words with a degree adverb with the meaning of comparison. Second, the standard introduced by bi cannot be elements that can be modified by a degree adverb; otherwise, a conflict between two dimensions of comparison will occur.

並列關鍵字

bi ； correlative word ； degree word ； dimension conflict

參考文獻

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