雙向單擺型調諧質量阻尼器之減振效益分析

Effect of Vibration Reduction of Bidirectional Suspension-type Tuned Mass Damper

章靖(Jing Jhang) ； 廖偉汝(Wei-Ru Liao) ； 連冠華(Kuan-HuaLien) ； 鍾立來(Lap-Loi Chung) ； 賴勇安(Yong-An Lai) ； 曾建創(Chien-Chuang Tseng)

《結構工程》 31卷4期 (2016/12) Pp. 68-87

https://doi.org/10.6849/SE.201612_31(4).0005

摘要

調諧質量阻尼器(Tuned Mass Damper, TMD)已成功應用在許多高樓建築中並有效抑制風力引致之振動。一般TMD 減振效益分析，主要是針對欲調諧的建築物於某振態在加裝TMD 後，分析其減振效果。模態分析雖簡易，但為單向分析，人們所感受到的舒適程度是以雙向之合加速度來判定，因此模態分析需再配合和方根(Square Root of the Sum of the Squares, SRSS)等方式求得約略之最大合加速度。如直接進行雙向動力分析將會比起單向分析更加直接、適當且準確。此外，如TMD 的阻尼器在空間中斜向放置，則阻尼器提供之阻尼力將雙向耦合。因此，本文除了建立出雙向單擺型TMD加裝於剪力屋架上之分析程序外，並針對空間中斜向放置的阻尼器，推導其阻尼力，進行雙方向的減振效益分析。最後，以一高樓案例進行減振效益分析說明，作為工程業界參考之用。縱然TMD 之阻尼器是斜向安裝，只要對稱配置，耦合之阻尼矩陣，亦能去耦而僅為對角矩陣，即雙向之阻尼力可去耦而不相互影響。只要結構雙向之振動週期夠接近，單擺型TMD 即具雙向減振之功能，在1 年回歸期之風力下，合加速度下降至舒適度之要求；在50 年回歸期之風力下，雙向之基底剪力的減幅，滿足規格之要求。此外，TMD 之阻尼器採斜向配置，可有效降低阻尼器衝程之需求。

關鍵字

調諧質量阻尼器 ； 雙向分析 ； 風力減振 ； 高樓結構

並列摘要

The tuned mass damper (TMD) is widely utilized for civil engineering to control wind-induced vibration in high-rise building. In this research, the design and analysis procedures of the bidirectional suspension-type tuned mass damper are proposed and demonstrated. The main structure is simplified as a shear building model to install the suspension-type tuned mass damper for simulation by the dynamic time history analysis. For common pendulum tuned mass damper, the suspension position and viscous damper implement location are located at different floors. Therefore the reaction force and damping force of the tuned mass damper are acting on different degrees of freedom of the main structure. Although the damping force of a damper is acting in both the two horizontal directions because the damper is implemented with an angle to the floor plane, the damping force is independent in the two horizontal directions if the dampers are allocated in symmetric layout. Therefore, the damping matrix can be decoupled. The feasibility of the bidirectional suspension-type tuned mass damper is illustrated by the high-rise building subjected to the design wind force with return periods of 1 year and 50 years, respectively. Following numerical verification, the effects of vibration reduction for the high-rise building subjected to the design wind forces are demonstrated.

並列關鍵字

Tuned Mass Damper ； bidirectional analysis ； wind-induced vibration control ； high-rise building