機車防鎖定煞車系統之實作

On the Implementation of Anti-lock Brake System for Motorcycles

陳志鏗(Chin-Keng Chen) ； 毛彥傑(Yann-Jye Mau)

《大葉學報》 7卷1期 (1998/12) Pp. 129-141

https://doi.org/10.7119/JDYU.199812.0129

摘要

比起汽車而言，機車煞車時之車輪鎖死期間，車身負載轉移效應較嚴重、車體易打旋、側傾與翻倒。且車身空間狹小、動力來源較少，車體本身價格較低，因此ABS模組在機車上並未如汽車上的應用普遍。本研究自行設計適合機車上使用的小體積ABS節油機構，並改裝現有的機車，在雙輪動態實驗平台上，模擬路面狀況，實際測試所發展的機車ABS系統。本研究規劃兩大階段：一、設計適用於機車的ABS機構，並驗證其性能：為了縮小ABS元件的體積，我們採用電磁線圈為動力輸出單元，直接推動自行設計的自調節油系統，抑制使用者過大的煞車力道。此設計成本較低廉、油路能量損耗較少，更可提高能量轉換效率，在有限的動力消耗下，有效拉高系統響應速度。二、煞車系統的動態平台測試：將此ABS模組及模糊控制器安裝於市售機車上，架設於雙輪動態平台進行模擬路跑測試，並進一步發展控制器參數及其水準設計方法，驗證所設計的ABS系統。經由本研究的執行，已發展出體積小、耗能低、速度快而成本低廉的ABS制動補償系統，希望能在些許改良測試之後，更適合業界量產推出，有效落實機車煞車的安全性。

關鍵字

防鎖死煞車系統 ； 機車 ； 煞車機構 ； 節油系統 ； 模糊邏輯控制 ； 電磁線圈 ； 油壓

並列摘要

Compared with passenger cars, there are more problems on the motorcycle braking control. When the wheels are locked, the motorcycle will easily slide and sideslip. And, due to its higher location of center of mass, it will sidespin and result in turnover. Moreover, the limited space and lower power supply make the ABS system less popular on motorcycles. In this thesis, we designed an ABS braking regulation circuit and mechanism that is feasible for motorcycles. The developed ABS circuit will be installed in a real motorcycle and tested on the experimental platform. In this research we have two major topics: 1. Design an ABS mechanism and verify its performance: To reduce the space occupied by ABS unit, we replaced the air/hydraulic power supply by solenoid actuator using electrical power. The self-design ABS regulation unit will be driven by the solenoid directly to brake and release the ABS system. Not only it can lower the cost and minimize the energy consumption in the actuator, also it increases the efficiency of energy transformation, and improve the system response. 2. Test the ABS prototype in dynamic platform-running: The developed ABS system and fuzzy controller will be installed in a real motorcycle and tested in a platform. We can modify the controller parameters from the accurate testing data and objectively ensure the feasibility of the developed ABS system. By carrying out this research, we hope a high-speed, high-efficiency and low-cost ABS braking system on motorcycles can be developed and become popular to improve the safety of motorcycle riding.

並列關鍵字

ABS ； antilock brake system ； motorcycle ； brake mechanism ； fuzzy logic control ； solenoid coil ； oil hydraulic