利用LANDSAT和NOAA衛星遙測電廠溫排水口附近海面溫度之研究

Remote Sensing of SST Around the Outfall of a Power Plant from LANDSAT and NOAA Satellites

莊弘豪(Hung-Hao Chuang) ； 曾若玄(Ruo-Shan Tseng)

《航測及遙測學刊》 3卷2期 (1998/06) Pp. 17-46

https://doi.org/10.6574/JPRS.1998.3(2).2

摘要

本研究利用Landsat衛星觀測電廠溫排水口附近海面溫度分佈情形，並應用兩種不同的方法修正因大氣吸收所產生的觀測誤差，再與實測水溫結果比較，研究地點主要在興達電廠溫排水口附近海域。研究結果顯示利用Lowtran7軟體求出大氣透射率及輻射量再配合大氣校正法可大幅提升Landsat-TM對海面溫度量測的準確度，未作大氣校正前所求出的海面亮度溫度與現場量測的海面溫度相差7℃以上，經過大氣修正後準確度可提高至0.94℃；另外，本研究亦提出一利用NOAA-AVHRR校正Landsat-TM的方法，此法結合NOAA-AVHRR對海面溫度量測的高準確性及Landsat-TM的高解析度特性，而不須經過大氣校正過程，此法所求之海面溫度與現場實測溫度比較，準確度達1.01℃；曾文溪口附近海域的海面溫度實測值亦被用來與衛星資料比較，準確度更高達0.62℃。由興達電廠溫排水口附近海域的實測值資料可知溫水擴散方向與當地潮流有密切關係，且有季節性的擴散特性。

關鍵字

海面溫度 ； 大氣修正 ； 大地衛星

並列摘要

Satellite data from Landsat Thematic Mapper (TM) and NOAA Advenced Very High Resolution Radiometer (AVHRR) were used to derive the sea surface temperature (SST) of coastal waters and thermal effluent from hsinta Power Plant. Gound truth temperatures measured simultaneously from a ship as Landsat passed were used to compare with the satellite SST. Two nethods were used to estimate the atmospheric correction of TM-derived SST. Local radiosonde measurements were used in Lowtran7 program to estimate the atmospheric effects, sea surface radiances and the atmospheric transmittances. The mean deviation of satellite-estimated SST from the ship-measured SST is 0.94℃ if the atmospheric correction process is applied, otherwise it will be over 7℃. Secondly, a scheme combining NOAA-AVHRR and Landsat-TM was used to derive SST. The advantage of this scheme is that AVHRR-SST has included the atmospheric correction. The mean deviation between the ground truth and sat0ellite-derived SST from this scheme is 1.01℃ for the thermal plume of Hsinta power plant, and 0.62℃ for Tseng-Wen estuarine waters, respectively.

並列關鍵字

Sea surface temperature ； Atmospheric correction ； Landsat