以統計模式進行地形資料的融合及變遷偵測

Fusion of Terrain Data Sets and Change Detection by Statistical Approach

黃宗仁(Tsung-Jen Huang) ； 趙鍵哲(Jen-Jer Jaw)

《航測及遙測學刊》 7卷4期 (2002/12) Pp. 17-40

https://doi.org/10.6574/JPRS.2002.7(4).2

摘要

因工程需求，地形監控或災害評估等目的，地形資料之生產頻繁，故同一地區之地形資料來源廣泛（經由不同單位、不同時間測取）。儘管在點位密度、取樣位置及地形資料精度上，各資料間有所差異，為獲取地形資料而所重複投入之人力、財力卻是不爭的事實。因此從實用觀點上出發，如何有效地融合諸多「重複觀測」之地形，而衍生出一套更佳之地形估值；甚至在融合過程的歧異現象上，歸結並偵測出地形變遷的事實，據以提供政府部門或各個工程機關使用，遂成為本研究探討之重點。地形資料融合之精義在於資料間的相互比對繼而整合，因此某些系統性的問題，例如地形變遷，便會在資料比對的過程中彰顯出來。而純屬隨機部分、穩定的地形資料便可藉助融合的處理，產生更佳的地形估值（即更佳的地形精度及可靠度）。本研究將地形視為一種訊號，為考量保留最原始資料量測精度，融合的邏輯不藉助任何型式的內插方式（除非地形可以某種數學函數描述之），不限定資料本身的型式，以統計的工具進行地形資料的融合及變遷報導。

關鍵字

地形變遷 ； 融合過程 ； 相互比對

並列摘要

The highly repeated observations, multi-temporal or multi-source, of terrain data for a specific area can be often seen due in great part to the purposes of civil activities, topographic monitoring and damage evaluation, etc. They may seem to vary in point density, sampling strategies and accuracy as well, though. From economic point of view, deriving a better estimation of terrain information by fusing the homogeneous terrain data sets may draw great attention both for research and practical interest. As a by-product of that, the topographic change could be also detected accordingly based on the disagreement via fusing procedures.The central principle of fusing terrain data sets stems from cross check, thereby signaling out systematic problems, such as topographic change, among them and keeping steady terrain data sets combined and resulting in an updated terrain data with better accuracy and reliability. The proposed method for fusion of terrain data sets and change detection employs the statistical approach which features in making no assumption of the terrain characteristics and without relying on any specific data format. The preliminary results show satisfactory performance based on the evaluations in efficiency and accuracy aspect.

並列關鍵字

Topographic Change ； Fusing Procedures ； Cross Check