利用數值地形分析探討大屯火山群火山地形

DTM for Mapping the Volcanic Landforms of Tatun Volcano Group in Northern Taiwan

楊志成(Chih-Cheng Yang) ； 劉進金(Jin-King Liu) ； 黃明哲(Min-Ther Huang) ； 陳文山(Wen-San Chen)

《航測及遙測學刊》 9卷2期 (2004/06) Pp. 1-8

https://doi.org/10.6574/JPRS.2004.9(2).1

摘要

本研究以3D數值模擬地形配合坡度分析來判釋大屯山地區的火山地形，分別辨識出十個火山口、二十九個火山錐體、四十幾道舌狀熔岩流以及二百多條位於熔岩平臺上的平行狀弧形脊。火山錐體的坡度介於26°-48°，舌狀熔岩平臺的坡度大都低於10°，顯示長期以來本區域噴發的岩漿以黏滯性較高的熔岩流型態為主。判釋結果顯示具良好火山外形的有烘爐山、大屯山、二子山、面天山、七星山、七股山、紗帽山、冬瓜山、磺嘴山及嵩山2等，屬於晚期噴發的火山，其岩性為玄武岩、橄欖石一角閃石一輝石安山岩與紫蘇輝石一角閃石安山岩。火山外形不明顯的有內寮山、南大屯山、八煙山、小觀音山、竹子山、白雲山、小草山、鵝米山、鹿寮坪莊山、大尖山、嵩山l、菜公坑山、丁火朽山、內寮山、栳寮湖山、八鬥山l、八鬥山2等，屬於早期噴發的火山，其岩性為兩輝安山岩、兩輝一角閃石安山岩、角閃石一兩輝安山岩與角閃石安山岩。

關鍵字

數值地形 ； 火山地形 ； 大屯火山群

並列摘要

Digital Terrain Model with a 40m grid was adopted to analyze the landscape characteristics of volcanic morphology in Tatun Volcano Group of northern Taiwan. By scrutinizing the slope map derived from the DTM, 10 volcanic craters, 29 volcanic cones, some 40 lava lobes and more than 200 ogives are readily identifiable. The slope gradients of volcanic cones are in the range of 26°-48 .The gradients of the table surface of the lava lobes are mostly less than 100, which implies high viscosity of lava flows in this area. It is also shown that the morphologic features of volcanoes erupted in earlier stage are not remained as well as those 10 craters formed in a relative late stage when visualized in 3D perspectives, derived from DTM.

並列關鍵字

DTM ； Volcanic Landform ； Tatun Volcano Group