空載光達點雲於DEM自動生產與精度評估－使用ISPRS測試資料為例

Automated DEM Generation and Accuracy Assessment Using LiDAR Point Clouds-A Case Study of ISPRS Test Data

邵怡誠(Yi-Chen Shao) ； 陳良健(Liang-Chien Chen)

《航測及遙測學刊》 11卷1期 (2006/03) Pp. 1-12

https://doi.org/10.6574/JPRS.2006.11(1).1

摘要

光達測量是近年來新興的測量技術，主要應用於獲取物體的表面模型。光達系統可分為地面及空載兩大類，在空載光達的各項應用中，以自動生產數值高程模型為主要課題。本研究提出一套採用數學形態學方法的處理架構，藉由過濾地物點、保留的地面點產生數值高程模型。資料處理流程主要有四個：一是產生初始表面模型，二是濾除錯誤點，三是偵測地物區，四是篩選地面點。本研究使用ISPRS公開的空載光達過濾測試資料，且依循ISPRS的評估報告對本法成果進行定量的精度分析，同時提出個人操作經驗供作參考。實驗顯示，本研究方法可適用於各類不同地形特徵，且與數種具代表性的演算法相比較時，本法成果的總錯誤率是偏低的。

關鍵字

空載光達 ； 數值高程模型 ； 數學形態學 ； 過遍 ； 精度評估

並列摘要

Recently Light Delectation and Ranging (LiDAR) technology has developed to a new surveying method to acquire surface information. The system includes two types of terrestrial LiDAR and airborne LiDAR. The generation of digital terrain model (DEM) from airborne LiDAR point clouds is one of the most important applications in surveying and mapping. In this paper, we propose an automatic scheme based on object segmentation by Mathematical Morphology methods to filter out object points and use the reserving ground points to generate DEM. The scheme includes 4 main processing steps: (1) generation of initial surface model, (2) outlier removal, (3) object segmentation and (4) selecting ground points. The test data are released from ISPRS Commission Ⅲ Working Group 3. We follow the quantitative assessment in ISPRS filter test to analyze our processing results. The experimental results and accuracy assessment are presented and show that most of the total errors are lower than the results of some representative filters.

並列關鍵字

airborne LiDAR ； Digital Elevation Model DEM ； Morphology ； Filtering ； Accuracy Assessment