Building Detection and Structure Line Extraction from Airborne LiDAR Data

由空載光達資料進行建物偵測與結構線萃取

王正楷(Cheng-Kai Wang) ； 徐百輝(Pai-Hui Hsu)

《航測及遙測學刊》 12卷4期 (2007/12) Pp. 365-379

https://doi.org/10.6574/JPRS.2007.12(4).8

摘要

本文提出一個由空載光達資料中進行建物偵測與特徵線萃取的方法，前者主要基於小波轉換與建物的幾何特性，後者基於霍夫轉換與影像處理的方法。雖然光達資料富含豐富資訊，但其缺點為不易取得屋頂之特徵，因此基於資料取向的建物重建方法，本研究即為獲取建物之特徵線以進行屋頂重建，其基本原理為首先由原始的光達資料偵測出各個獨棟建物的位置，接著將特徵線分成外部輪廓線與內部結構線並分別進行萃取，外部輪廓線主要利用霍夫轉換的技術得到，而內部結構線則利用共線分析來進行。最後再將這兩部分的結構線進行屋頂模型的重建。由實驗成果顯示，具簡單、規則的屋頂類型如長方形、山形屋與L形屋頂皆可成功重建。

關鍵字

小波轉換 ； 特徵線萃取 ； 霍夫轉換 ； 屋頂模型

並列摘要

An approach for building detection and feature lines extraction from airborne LiDAR data is proposed in this paper. The building detection is based on Wavelet Transform and geometric properties of buildings, and the extraction of feature lines is based on Hough Transform and image processing. Although LiDAR data contains rich surface information, the shortcoming is it cannot capture building features such as corners, edges, faces of roofs directly. For data-driven building reconstruction, the feature lines are essential to reconstruct the roof models. The basic idea of the proposed approach is to detect the location of each single building in the raw LiDAR data firstly. Then, the initial feature lines which are divided into external contour lines and internal structure lines are extracted respectively. The external contour lines are extracted using Hough Transform, and the internal structure lines are extracted using collinear analysis. Finally, the roof models are reconstructed by external contour lines as well as the internal structure lines of buildings. The experiment results showed that the regular and simple roofs such as rectangle roofs, gabled roofs and L-type roofs could be reconstructed successfully.

並列關鍵字

wavelet transform ； feature line extraction ； Hough Transform ； roof model