多測站具GPS定位之地面光達資料之網形平差

Multi-station Network Adjustment of Terrestrial LiDAR Data with GPS positioning

簡廷宇(Ting-Yu Chien) ； 曾義星(Yi-Hsing Tseng)

《航測及遙測學刊》 21卷1期 (2016/08) Pp. 31-42

https://doi.org/10.6574/JPRS.2016.21(1).3

摘要

地面光達可以快速獲得高精度且大量的三維點雲資訊，由於各掃瞄站點雲資料均參考於區域坐標系統，而每個掃瞄站的掃瞄範圍有限，往往需要結合多站點雲資料才能完整涵蓋掃描場景，某些應用還需要將點雲資料轉換到地面坐標系統(地理定位)，傳統上至少要利用三個地面控制點進行坐標轉換，但使用地面控制點造成測量工作上的不便。本研究利用點特徵加入以e-GPS求得之觀測量進行多測站之聯合平差，評估是否可以不需要地面控制點進行地理定位，在我們實驗的兩個案例中，利用e-GPS觀測量和連結點觀測量進行多站聯合平差在E、N、h方向之精度皆小於10公分，透過實驗得知利用e-GPS觀測量進行多站聯合平差，可以在不使用地面控制點的情況下，達到地理定位之目的，其精度足夠做為應用。

關鍵字

地面光達 ； 地理定位 ； GPS ； 點雲套疊

並列摘要

Terrestrial LiDAR can be used to acquire high accuracy 3D spatial data in rapid way. However, point clouds delivered by a terrestrial LiDAR are referenced to a local coordinate system defined by the laser scanner. With the limitation of viewing coverage of a single scanning station, combining point clouds acquired from multiple scanning stations is usually needed to completely cover the target landscape. For most applications, raw point clouds should be transformed into a global coordinate system (geo-referencing). The geo-referencing of terrestrial LiDAR data is currently relied on known control points. But using control points for geo-referencing is often troublesome and laborious. In this research, we perform network adjustment with GPS observations, and we focus on the problem that whether the role of control points in network adjustment can be substituted by GPS observation of scanning station or not. There are two cases in our experiments. The accuracy of the results are under 10 centimeters in E, N and h directions. By the validation of our experiments, we can know that it can perform network adjustment with GPS observations without control points. The accuracy are good enough for application.

並列關鍵字

terrestrial LiDAR ； geo-referencing ； GPS ； point cloud registration