- 期刊
東埔社布農族生活空間的變遷(1945-1990)－一個政治經濟學的考察
The Spatial Transformation of Tonpu (1945-1990)
摘要
東埔社布農人的生活空間－不論是聚落或是住屋的層面上來看－在戰後的四十多年來產生了許多劇烈的變化，這些變化根本上是布農人被納入台灣之支配性市場經濟所造成的結果－也就是說，布農人聚落與住屋形式的改變，與他們在台灣社會之勞動分工中所扮演的角色變化有關。統區域空間而言，觀光資本的進入與經濟作物的種植不但改變了東埔地區的聚落使用，其中所隱含的漢人與先住民間的資本與勞動的種族支配關係，更明示在東埔的聚落地景上。再從住屋的形式來看，東埔社在空間營造方式(spatial mode of production)上的轉化－從家庭自力營建，轉向由當地布農工匠營建，更進而由外地漢人工匠承包的營建方式－所改變的不僅是布農人社會內部的分化，同時，也由於他們在這個分化過程中，相對於台灣社會所分配到的邊陲角色，使他們的住屋必然地以“非正式的”方式營建，因而改變了布農住屋的形式與空間意義。回溯地來看，過去布農人的住屋，對他們的社會以及人的文化建構而言，是很重要的分類手段(classified device)，他們以住屋的空間明示了人與人、人與精靈(hanido)、人與自然的多重關係。但是在這段時期的轉化之後，布農人住屋空間的社會性被抽離了，只變成了個別家庭在市場經濟上“成就”的展現。 最後，本文並指出布農人現今的“非正式”營建方式與國家公園計劃間的矛盾，在於：土地作為生產工具對立於土地作為不被入侵的自然、非正式營建形式對立於自然保育的美學要求等。這些都是未來亟待解決的問題。
並列摘要
The essay sketchs the spatial transformation of Taketonpu, as well as its surrounding area. The village pattern and house form have undergone a major transformation in last forty years. The change accompanied the incorporation of the Bunun into the dominant market economy of Taiwan after the Second World War. Namely, the spatial transformation has been the outcome as well as the means of their changing role in the division of labour. The introducing of cash-crop planting in 1970's, and the later intrusion of the tourist industry, led to a new stratification system and reshaped the regional landscape as a landscape and an outcome of ethnic relations of productions, change in spatial mode of production, shifting from family-labour to ”professional” builders due to the new division of labour, also changed the form and the meaning of their houses. Retrospectively, a house in traditional Bunun's society was not only a utility space, but also a means of classification through which the relationships among human, nature, and hanido were divided into their own proper positions- However, following the restructuring the space had lost its initial significace, becoming a functional space and an expression of the household's achievement in market ecomony.