成長的因素－台灣自行車産業的研究

Causes of Growth: A Study of Taiwan's Bicycle Industry

瞿宛文(Wan-Wen Chu)

《台灣社會研究季刊》 15期 (1993/11) Pp. 65-92

https://doi.org/10.29816/TARQSS.199311.0003

摘要

本文旨在透視台灣自行車與其零組件産業的成長歷史並檢視從中所能學習到的經驗。其結論爲：在進口替代政策下所達到的進步，奠下了日後自行車業在出口導向下成功的基礎。而此大變革的起始動力則來自一張美國史溫(Schwinn)公司的OEM訂單。因此，台灣成長的機會是來自生産的日益國際化，而非源自國內市場的壓力。當此市場不斷拓廣並改變構態之時，勞動分工也變得愈加精細。在台灣，運用市場的成本似乎比運用內部組織的來得低，故在自行車業背後形成了一個主要由小廠構成的零組件供應綱路。近來，自行車産業的進一步升級雖然成功，卻也導致零組件自製率的顯著降低，這也反映出生産上的日漸國際化。該産業的未來亦將會被一尚在發展中的情況所影響，亦即廠商正在將生産制備移往中國大陸。

關鍵字

成長因素 ； 生産國際化 ； 分工型態

並列摘要

This paper looks at the history of Taiwan's bicycle and parts Industries and examines the lessons that can be learned from it. It concludes that progress made under import-substitution contributed to the success of subsequent export-promotion. The initial impetus of the big change came in the form of an OEM order from the American Schwinn Company; thus it was the increasing internationalization of production, not internal market pressures, that gave Taiwan the opportunity to grow by exporting. Division of labor became finer as the market broadened and the type of market changed. The cost of using the market seems lower than that of using the internal organization in Taiwan, and hence the well-developed parts suppliers network, which is dominated by small firms. The recent upgrading of the Industry, though successful, also resulted in a significant drop in the parts self-sufficiency rate, again reflecting increasing globalization. The future of the Industry will also be influenced by a still-unfolding developemt, i.e., firms moving production facilities to China.

並列關鍵字

causes of growth ； internationalization of production ； division of labor