關係運作與法律的邊緣化：台灣小型企業非正式融資活動的研究

Relational Practices and the Marginalization of Law: A Study of the Informal Financial Practices of Small Businesses in Taiwan

康涵真(Jane K. Winn)

《台灣社會研究季刊》 17期 (1994/07) Pp. 1-40

https://doi.org/10.29816/TARQSS.199407.0001

摘要

本文以台灣發展經驗中的一個小部門－中小企業使用的非正式融資操作－以資釐清中華民國正式法律體系與台灣社會關係網路結構之間的互動。中華民國法律體系對經濟發展過程所提供的支援，不僅藉直接管制經濟活動，更來自間接協助也有管制經濟活動功能的關係網絡。中國傳統農業社會的關係結構，經過調整後仍保留在現代台灣。這種現代形式下的關係結構，係將現代法律體系的某些成份攙入關係網絡而成。正式法律體系無法扮演這種爲關係運作做後盾的時候，黑道之類法律的非正式替代物即上場，扮演類似的功能。「法律中心主義」或「法律多元主義」之類學說，無法掌握中華民國法律體系與台灣社會之間關係的動力。本文提出「法律邊緣化」之觀念，做爲更貼切的描述。

關鍵字

關係運作 ； 法律的邊緣化 ； 非正式融資活動 ； 小型企業

並列摘要

This article looks at a small component of Taiwan's development experience, the informal financing techniques used by small businesses, to clarify the interaction between the formal ROC legal system and the network structure of Taiwanese society. The ROC legal system has supported the economic development process not only by regulating economic activity directly, but by indirectly facilitating networks of relationships that also regulate economic activity. The relational structure of traditional, rural Chinese society has survived in a modified form in modern Taiwan, and this modern form blends elements of the modern legal system into networks of relationships. When the formal legal system has been unable to play this role of backstopping relational practices, informal alternatives to law such as organized crime are sometimes called upon to serve a similar function. Ideas such as ”legal centralism” and ”legal pluralism” fail to capture the dynamic of the relationship between the ROC legal system and Taiwanese society, so the idea of ”marginalization of law” is offered as a better description.

並列關鍵字

relational practices ； marinalization of law ； informal financial practices ； small businesses