集體行動、社會福利與文化認同

Collective Action, Social Welfare, and Cultural Identity

莊雅仲(Ya-Chung Chuang)

《台灣社會研究季刊》 47期 (2002/09) Pp. 249-277

https://doi.org/10.29816/TARQSS.200209.0006

摘要

這篇文章將根據兩個特定過程的交互關係，來檢視社會運動追求社會公平與獨立自主的決心。首先我將討論一個有關社會福利的爭辯，這個爭辯捲進了許多不同的社會運動團體、政黨、社區、國家與市場機制。對很多社會運動者來說，建立一個完整的社會安全體系，已是這個愈來愈全球化的殘酷世界中刻不容緩的事，雖然事實上許多歐洲的福利國家正遭逢前所未有的危機與挑戰。本文不把社會福利當作僅是某些社會政策與計畫的制定與執行，而是特定個人或團體在面對這個全球矛盾時，介於國家體系與生產機制之間，尋求安全與自我的掙扎結果。這因此使得社會福利的爭辯無法脫離文化認同的問題，我將追溯認同政治在後解嚴台灣的展現與意涵，討論這些過程如何提供社會運動與福利要求亟需的批判觀點，以重建一個文化的空間。最後我將從文化的重建過程，探索台灣社會運動的未來。

關鍵字

社會運動 ； 社會福利 ； 文化認同

並列摘要

Social movements in post-martial law Taiwan involved themselves more skillfully in demands for social security and cultural identity-two major moments, I contend, in a renewed fight for social justice and a sense of autonomy. In this paper, I examine social movements in light of a framework in which these two moments dialectically intertwined with grassroots struggle for accountability. First of all, I will probe a debate regarding social welfare that had implicated social movement organizations, political parties, communities, the reconstructing state, and the business sector. The yearning for identity made up the other side of social struggle. I will investigate the significance of identity politics in the Taiwanese context and how the issue of identities poised much-needed critical space for social movements striving to remake history. I will first address a prime form of identity politics in Taiwan, namely Taiwan rentong (literally, Taiwan identity). Last, I will examine the future of social movements in Taiwan by telling an allegorical story that address the China factor in Taiwan-a relationship between reality and illusion, creator and creation-and the role of social movements in a new politics of the unreal.

並列關鍵字

social movements ； social welfare ； cultural identity

參考文獻

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Castells, Manuel(1997).The Power of Identity.Oxford:Blackwell.