現代化的幻影－消費和生産的雙人舞

Mirage of Modernity: Pas De Deux of Consumption and Production

嚴海蓉(Hai-Rong Yan)

《台灣社會研究季刊》 48期 (2002/12) Pp. 95-134

https://doi.org/10.29816/TARQSS.200212.0004

摘要

通過我在安徽一家勞務輸出站和北京一家家庭服務公司的訪查，這篇文章旨在分析當前的現代性如何在城市和鄉村相隔的舞臺上導演著勞動和消費的雙人舞，既激發又管制著年輕的打工妹，使她們在農村渴求成為具有現代性的消費者，而在城市卻成為體力勞動者和供雇主消費的被消費者。家庭勞工的身體無可選擇地與勞動聯擊在一起，在她們的特定的階級／性別位置上體驗著這一勞動和消費的矛盾。打工妹從農村到城市流動的過程也是這對矛盾在她們的體驗中作用的過程，使得她們一次又一次重新編排自我，卻一次又一次地發現自己困頓在矛盾中，無法自我整合。最後通過生產和消費的矛盾關係我把分析引向安徽和上海之間發生的一場文化小衝突。在這場因打工妹而起的衝突中，打工妹卻被隱去了。在九十年代興起的樹立“安徽新形象”的活動中，打工妹類似地被“新形象”所否定，拋棄和淘汰。打工妹無法自我整合的困頓折射出中國社會無法整合的難局。

關鍵字

勞動力流動 ； 家庭勞工 ； 隸從性勞動 ； 消費 ； 主體性 ； 區域形象 ； 社會整合

並列摘要

Through my ethnographic study of one labor export station in Anhui and a training session for domestic workers in Beijing, I examine how the power of post-Mao modernity relies on pas de deux of consumption and production in inciting and disciplining young migrant women, which produce them as longing consumer subjects in the countryside and as producers of labor power for consumption in the city. The bodies of domestic workers, inextricably grounded in labor, are caught in contradictions of production and consumption that are specific to their subject position. I argue that the process of migration, imbricated with pas de deux of consumption and production, is a process of re-collecting the self in contradictions. I also link this with contradiction of production and consumption in my analysis of the minor cultural battle waged by Anhui readers against the publication of a virulent satire of migrant women in Shanghai and argue that migrant women are largely erased in the battle that is putatively waged on their behalf. I will show that migrant women, particularly domestic workers, will be further erased, rejected or symbolically disowned in the campaign for the new image of Anhui. The problem surrounding migrant women straddling the contradictions further reflect the difficulty of contemporary Chinese society in articulating a structural coherence and integration.

並列關鍵字

labor migration ； domestic workers ； subjected labor ； subjectivity ； regional image ； social integration

參考文獻

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