失神的酒以酒為鑑初探原住民社會資本主義化過程

The De-Spirited Drink Exploring the Capitalization Process of Indigenous Societies in Taiwan

夏曉鵑(Hsiao-Chuan Hsia)

《台灣社會研究季刊》 77期 (2010/03) Pp. 5-58

https://doi.org/10.29816/TARQSS.201003.0001

摘要

原住民部落健康營造計劃在許多原住民部落進行著，其目的是藉由社區總體營造的方式解決原住民酗酒，以及其他相關問題。「酗酒」不僅是外界認識原住民的主要意義框架，也成為原住民自我認知的一部份。從歷史的考察，「酒」的確是原住民生活世界中相當重要的媒介：在儀式中，「酒」是族人與祖靈溝通的管道；透過集體的釀酒過程，在在強化社群組織。然而，自日據至國府時期，不斷迫使原住民部落生產方式的改變，加以公賣制度禁止原住民釀酒後，酒由「公」領域轉化成「私」領域，由儀式、社群的媒介轉化成商品，也逐漸由鞏固集體的催化劑，轉化成部落解體的推手。本文透過「酒」的意義在原住民部落的轉化，探究原住民部落資本主義化的過程，以及國家在其中所扮演關鍵性的角色。

關鍵字

酒 ； 酗酒 ； 原住民 ； 資本主義發展

並列摘要

Many health improvement projects have been implemented in indigenous communities, mostly with the focus on dealing with alcoholism and related problems. ”Alcoholism” has become one of the primary frames of meaning for outsiders to understand indigenous people, as well as for indigenous people to construct their own identities. Historically, alcoholic drink was the crucial medium in the life worlds of indigenous peoples to communicate with the spirits and to strengthen the solidarity within and between the communities. However, from the Japanese colonization to the KMT rule, the indigenous societies had been forced to transform their mode of production. In addition, the system of wine monopoly was implemented. Consequently, alcoholic drink had been transformed from the public sphere to the private sphere, that is, from being the medium of communication in rituals and communities to being the commodity that could be bought easily. By analyzing the changing meanings of ”drink” in indigenous societies, this papers aims at exploring the capitalization process in indigenous societies and the crucial roles the state has played in such process.

並列關鍵字

alcoholism ； indigenous peoples ； aboriginals ； development of capitalism ； capitalization

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