芒果炭疽病菌胞子發芽營養需求及胞子外泌物之特性

Nutrient Requirement of Conidial Germination and Characteristics of Spore Matrix for Mango Anthracnose Fungus

翁豐嶽(F. Y .Weng) ； 莊再揚(T. Y. Chuang)

《植物病理學會刊》 6卷1期 (1997/03) Pp. 17-24

https://doi.org/10.6649/PPB.199703_6(1).0003

摘要

檢測11種碳素源及19種氮素源對芒果炭疽病菌胞子發芽率及發芽後菌絲生長的影響，結果顯示各營養素有不同的效果。一般而言，營養對本菌胞子發芽與菌絲生長的影響呈一致的關係。其中加入0.5% (w/v)之lactose、lysine、alanine及asparagine對胞子發芽率及菌絲生長呈顯著的促進作用，惟相同濃度之glycine、histidine及cysteine則會完全抑制胞子的發芽。所有供試碳素源與氮素源均不會促進附著器的形就經離心水洗之胞子泡浸於去離子水中，水溶液中蛋白質與碳水化合物濃度隨著泡浸時間增加而增加，但無法偵測到mycosporine之類胞子發芽自我抑制物質。胞子外泌物能促進胞子發芽，並對病害發展有促進的作用。除去胞子外泌物後之胞子對芒果新生葉片之病原性明顯較未水洗之胞子弱，而胞子外泌物不論經高壓殺菌與否，均能促進發病。傷口接種對病害的擴展有明顯的促進作用。以能促進胞子發芽之0.5% (w/v) lactose，asparagine及lysine添加於水洗胞子，均能促進發病。

關鍵字

芒果炭疽病 ； 炭疽病菌 ； 胞子外泌物

並列摘要

On the germination test of conidia of mango anthracnose fungus (Colletrichum gloeosporioides), addition of various carbon and nitrogen source might affect germination rate, germinating hyphal growth and appressorium formation. Generally, nutrient effect on conidial germination paralleled to that on the germinating hyphal growth. Addition of 0.5% lysine, alanine and asparagine increased the germination rate of conidia and promoted the growth of hypha. On the other hand, the same concentration of glycine, histidine and cysteine completely inhibited the conidial germination. All tested carbon d nitrogen sources did not enhance appressorium formation. When washed spores of the fungus were immersed in deionized water, the concentration of protein and carbohydrate increased with increasing incubation time in aqueous solution However, mycosporine was not detected in the solution. The spore matrix might enhance conidial germination and was able to stimulate anthracnose disease development on the young leaves of mango (var. Irwin). Symptoms developed more faster in the leaves which were inocu lated with the mix of washed spores and conidial matrix than that inoculated with washed spores alone. Moreover, the matrix was heat stable, because auto the disease development as well as the crude matrix. However wounded inoculation was capable of enhancing the disease development obviously. Addition of 0.5% lactose, asparagine and lysine into washed s ores also stimulated lesion expansion on the young leaves of mango (var. Irwin).

並列關鍵字

Mango anthracnose ； Colletotrichum gloeosporioides ； spore matrix